The Study On Revolution Meaning Of The Debate On Democracy And Dictatorship In 1930s

Since the 918 incident,China's crises both in domestic and foreign have become increasingly grim in 1930 s.This has led intellectuals to show great enthusiasm on how China should respond to the crisis and what kind of political system it should adopt.Among them,The debate on democracy and dictatorship triggered by the Fujian Incident in 1933 are widely known to researchers.On the base of the historical definition of this debate,the research on revolution meaning of this debate must be started from the Fujian incident.The Fujian incident totally denied the Nanjing national government and its party state system,which is a veritable political revolution.We think that the Fujian incident as the fuse of the debate on democracy and dictatorship,the most important influence is to promote the intellectuals to think about the necessity of revolution,and to derive how to deal with the relationship between different kinds of revolutions.Therefore,the study on the revolution meaning of this debate is significant.On the whole,Jiang Tingfu represent dictatorship supporters has a strong expectation of the political revolution,and hoped to accomplish the revolutionary transformation from dynasty country to nation-state in the way of political revolution in China.In their understanding of the political revolution,the blueprint depicted by Northern Expedition revolution,became the important source.Inspired by this blueprint,intellectual's response to the revolution was highlighted in narration of revolutionary civil rights and phasic revolution.Revolutionary civil rights is an important aspect of “San Ming Zhu Yi”(????),what it emphasized is not the natural human rights but the civil right for revolution.Because of this kind mentality,Intellectuals focused on finding out the enemy who is responsible for the separatist of the county.The Debate on Democracy and dictatorship occurred during the “Xun Zheng”(??)period of KMT revolution.Based on understanding of the reality,Intellectuals put forward the phasic revolution theory.They staged the process of revolution,as a justification for authoritarian politics.This is accordance with the formulation in the “Jian Guo Da Gang”(????).Through the views of unify country by force,revolutionary civil Rights and the periodic style revolution,the intellectuals have combed a theoretical path for the revolutionary nation-founding.Unlike the dictatorship's enthusiasm on the political revolution,the democratic supporters represented by Hu Shi,in the revolution torrent since the 1911 revolution,were trapped in the myth of social liberation and advocating the ideological revolution.They opposed the authority of the rule of man,which is hidden behind of the dictatorship and despotism.They hoped a revolution toward traditional political thought,laid the foundation of law and Justice for the country's construction.At the same time,the intellectuals ' passion for the revolution,and the resulting sense of the spirit and reality,also prompted them to take a resolute attitude towards traditional politics.In their understanding of democratic politics,they inherited the Victorian liberalism and the representative system,but also combined with the changes of the world political situation,focused on the trend of "socialization" in democratic politics.On the one hand,because of the May fourth new culture movement since the 1910 's,the democracy supporters are full of confidence in the theory of democratic politics,which is based on the public idea,the system first,and the priority of procedure.It was looked as the revolution toward the old idea.The discard of the new culture to the old culture is not only advertised as a kind of scientific cognition,but also expressed a kind of revolutionary emotion.On the other hand,the introspection of democracy in the world,especially the argument that Qian Duansheng pointed out on the world political trend,forced democracy supporters to construct a continuous vein for democracy.As a result,they put forward the idea of "socialization" of democratic politics.But in a realistic contrast,the construction of this continuum is obviously lacking in sufficient persuasion.This situation shows the firmness of their expectation of ideological revolution.It is noteworthy that,in addition to highlighting the legitimacy of democracy,Democracy supporters attached great importance to the role of democracy in promoting government power and enlarging political participation.This is mentioned rarely in their previous comments.In the context of the ideological revolution,these ideas presented by this debate are new.The investigation of revolutionary meaning in the 1930 's Debate on Democracy and dictatorship,combined with the retrospect of the history of the revolution received by the Chinese people,especially the intellectuals,we understand how the revolution is approaching the deep of the Chinese people's ideas and how to form an ideological social trend of thought.On the other hand,although the debates on democracy and dictatorship share the same "revolutionary" feelings,they have different "revolutionary" orientations.In the choice on political system,there has been a confrontational contradiction.This shows the diversity and complexity of the revolutionary tides in the 1930 s.At the same time,this debate ended with the conclusion of "a common political belief" between the two sides.This in turn shows the other side of the revolutionary trend of the 1930 s.The revolution was an extreme action that could not tolerate compromise.While Wu Jingchao,Chen Zhimai and Zhang Xiruo as the representative of this debate,put aside the principle of revolution,focused on the political practice,called the controversy on respective revolutionary demands to keep restraint and tolerance,and work on the political "technology" aspects.As a result,the controversy ended in a "sympathetic" compromise.But it is this compromise that makes the intellectuals ' revolutionary mood cool and even fall.At the same time,the compromise of the revolution in the ideological world of the intellectuals involved in the controversy is in stark contrast to the underused of the communist revolution in other intellectual thoughts.As a subsequent,transformation happened on the Chinese revolution's discourse power,which laying the groundwork for the follow-up development of the Chinese revolution.