Research On The Chinese Youth Party In The Early Years Of The Republic Of China

In the 1920's,the nationalism school, the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang(KMT) were the main new political forces. Born in the May 4th New Culture Movement, they vied with one another for rule of China in the complicated political field. In the perspective of the correlation between their ideas and action, this dissertation traces the formation and development of the school of nationalism, thus revealing its true nature in this political context.The Youth China Academy was one of the origins of the nationalism school. When it was founded in June of 1918, the Youth China Academy aimed to be an organization which valued culture and attempted to reform the society from outside. With the failure of Working Reader's Association, many members of the school realized that only by being inside society could they reform the society. To enter into society, they had to resort to isms. With the intensifying crises at home and abroad, most members came to know that social movements would come to no effect. So they turned to political movements for the real solution to problems in China. So political party became their best choice as the means of organization in their political movement.Zengqi sponsored the Academy of Youth China on the basis of which he hoped to found a political party. At that time the development of the situation made the Chinese students in France agitated. Among them, the Chinese communists in Europe were comparatively influential. In his struggle for leadership with the communist party, Zengqi, taking advantage of the Chinese expatriates' protest to international "communist rule"of China, which was kindled by the Lincheng abduction in May of 1923, founded "association of Chinese expatriate groups in France" in July and founded China Youth Party in December, thus conflicting with the communist party. Then with his personal connections he founded the Waking Lion Society and published the Waking Lion Weekly, which effectively publicized nationalism. Meanwhile nationalist groups were established across the country. To unify them, the Nationalist Youth Party was founded in October, 1925. In December the Association of Nationalist Groups was founded and in the autumn of the following year the first nationwide conference was held in Shanghai, in which the party's system and guidelines were decided.Nationalism advocated by the nationalist school inherited Liang Qichao's nationalist ideas, succeeded the latest development in nationalist theories in Europe, and followed the trend of the May 4th New Culture, while being a systematic theory on its own. Specifically speaking, it aimed to set up a common belief shared by all the Chinese. With the goal of "eliminating traitors and resisting foreign...