Research On The Complementary Mechanism Of Dali Bia Education : A Perspective Of Cultural Identity

In the inevitable process of modernization and globalization, whether national culture also need to be identified and how to identify? Education is not only an integral part of culture, but also undertakes the important task of culture heritage and innovation. What form it should take to promote benign development of national culture identity? This is a severe and urgent issue in the development of national education and national culture needs facing nowadays. This study, taking Dali Bai national cultural identity as a case, explains the question why Dali Bai students can be relatively well adapted to the education system of mainstream school within regional context? Why the school education dominated by mainstream culture did not cause the crisis of its own cultural identity for both Dali Bai students and members of society? Based on answers to the questions, the study adopts literature, historical research methods to analyze Dali Bai cultural identity and longitudinal history of educational development, as well as explores the relationship between education and development of Dali Bai cultural identity. Through field investigation for current situation of Dali Bai students'cultural identity and the educational phenomenon as Dali Bai's cultural psychology field outside school, it can be concluded as the following:1. Dali Bai shapes composite gene of cultural identity in the process of social history, which reflects dialectical unity of openness and nationality as its historical features. Dali Bai's mechanism for historical education provides an important guarantee for its formation. First of all, the ecological conditions of educational culture. Dali lies intersection of the ancient Southwest Silk Road and Tea Horse Road, and Nu jiang, Lancang jiang and Jinsha jiang River runs through from south to north, provides an objective basis in natural geographic environment for cultural exchanges and integration among Dali Bai with other ethnic cultures. As for human environment, Dali Bai ethnic origin and culture of multi-sources make their cultural development fusing multiple foreign culture of blood. As Nan Zhao, Dali national government were established, they actively implemented education policy of Chinese Han culture. For sake of governing southwest areas, strengthening economic and trade exchanges with the border areas, Zhongyuan dynasty thus continue to push Chinese Han culture to Dali, which provides an open and subjective human basis for Dali Bai people learning Han culture.Secondly, the complementary conditions of education structure. In aspect of education contents, Dali Bai were possessed with Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, "Tu" nationality, which conserve a variety of cultural factors for its cultural development. On education forms, Dali Bai Buddhist temple education in the form of Buddha and Confucian combining cultivated its dual character by dual influence of Confucianism and Buddhism doctrine; For education ideology, symbiosis and harmonic of institutionalized education and custom education make Dali Bai people accept both mainstream culture and national culture, so as to maintain the national character of cultural identity. In short, under the effect of complementary education mechanism of history, Dali Bai's composite gene of cultural identity was formed, which is still effective for Dali Ba; students and members of society today. They took the initiatives to learn and identify mainstream culture promoted by the composite gene as a psychological trait or ways of thinking of species, but also it was integrated and transformed and maintain the personality of national culture in the process of identifying mainstream culture. Therefore, the relationship between formation of composite gene of Dali Bai cultural identity and historical education mechanism enlightens us that multi-symbiosis education should be natural choice for benign development of Dali Bai cultural identity nowadays or in the future.2. Both school education and culture-psychology field outside school be commonly effective in the process of Dali Bai students'cultural-identity development, and play complementary roles objectively but in a state of separation. That is, no integrated relationship between them. Primary and secondary schools in Dali Bai take entrance examination as its dominant values, instead of conducting training and teaching in national traditional culture. Dali Bai students get more mainstream cultural values mostly based on national curriculum inside school. Meanwhile, through the participation and strengthening of culture-psychology field, including the living environment, life customs, religion and other cultural things, the national culture identity of Dali Bai students was reinforced. Cultural-psychological field has unique education connotation and feature, its education connotation performance is in respects to man and nature, man and society (people), people and himself. Therefore, the relationship between Dali Bai school education, cultural psychology field and the development of students' cultural identity reveals that the former two respects are indispensable, but their roles in the latter should not be irrelevant in parallel, they need to create a complementary relationship in harmony. Dali Bai school education, which is implanted from the outside, mainly to represent the value of the national curriculum-based mainstream culture, being lack of national traditional culture contents, it requires absorbing elements of national culture from cultural psychology field, to implement national traditional culture education for the students. Thus, with unique educational contents and features in strengthening students'cultural identity, it deserves more attentions and rational protections for promoting the development of students' cultural identity as important educational forces. Anyhow, the complementary integration of school education and cultural- psychology field has significant roles in building benign culture identity of Dali Bai students and community members.3. Under the impact of modernization and globalization, the tool tendency of Dali Bai cultural identity has become increasingly prominent, and its foundation tendency was weakening. There exist the crisis of development for both school education and cultural-psychology field. The specific performances are:surface change in Dali Bai ethnic culture exchanges, simplified Dali Bai traditional culture life, and simplification of Dali Bai school education. We must establish a symbiotic and harmonic mechanism between them for the benign development of Dali Bai cultural identity. Symbiosis refers to having a living space for cultural-psychology field, not just for development and using, it should be guaranteed by means of appropriate education, including school education; Harmony refers to taking different measures to protect different contents of cultural-psychology field. To achieve this target, appropriate strategy need to be made as the follows. On one hand, to enhance fundamental significance of cultural-psychology field to Dali Bai school education. On the other hand, to build growth environment for composite gene in Dali Bai cultural identity by coordination of government, schools, community. As far as the government department is concerned, they need to take some measures, including establish education concept of promoting cultural identity by common efforts of school education and cultural-psychology field; To shape protection system of traditional culture as government plus folk and space attractions plus time folk, and highlight the position of national culture in evaluation system of school education. Schools and communities should create a positive linkage with each other. Teachers can improve the quality of traditional culture by means of community resources;Space of national culture and education can be extended to the community by the classroom. Schools and communities can establish organizations of national culture preservation and research by joint efforts.To sum up, under the impact of modernization and globalization, national culture identity including Dali Bai ethnic minority need to develop a self-awareness, and catch up with the pace of mainstream culture in economy, science and technology, while sticking with the personality of its national culture. In order to achieve this ideal, the national education today must be reflected and transformed. School education, based on resources integration of cultural-psychology field, should jointly participate in promoting school education and cultural psychology field with government and communities, to make national education out of the existing shortcomings as un-consciousness in awareness and short-sighted for abuse in structure. On the contrary, a symbiotic and harmonic educational mechanism will be established which is conducive to the sound development of national school education and cultural-psychological field.