Study On The Need For Educational Aim Of Minority Groups In China

Any educational aim is the beginning and the end-result of educational activity conducted under certain social and historical conditions, a general requirement of a society or a country in accordance with certain features of the times and a status of ought-to-be and ideal. So is that of each main historical period in the world. There is also no exception for China's educational aim. However, different educational aims derive from different understandings about education. It is deemed in this study that education is a necessary activity for survival and the educational aim is to satisfy men's requirement for survival. Therefore, the educational aim of primary schools is to improve the survival ability, which is different from that of universities, because compulsory education does not aim to raise the social identity.The existing Chinese educational aim is hard to actually instruct the educational practice. There is a disconnection between the theory and the practice of education. Why does such a serious deviation come forth? What factor is controlling the educational process? One key factor is the complicated social culture. As education achieves its aim by cultural transmission, culture contrariwise influences, controls and intervenes the educational aim. Therefore, the educational aim can not leave the demand of culture. Education without culture is not education. Any activity which is with cultural and informational transmission is education, but this is the just the self-free education. School education is our for-self education, namely education with purposes, consciousness and plans; it ought to be the activity and tool for highly passing down and carrying on the civilization of mankind.Civilization is the wealth of culture, which is created by various areas and nations and beneficial to all mankind. What is our education for? School education should focus on the whole civilization of all mankind and human's better life. However, the existing culture has both quintessence and dregs, school education in turn has both advantages and disadvantages and always can't meet all the requirements that education ought to do. Educational aim is also restricted by all elements of culture.Cultural ideas, categories and concepts created by different nations have great differences. The continuous evolution, derivation and extension of these cultural ideas, categories and concepts induce and develop different spirit of traditional culture and national philosophy for people if all nations around the world. Philosophy in culture is to solve not only the truth problems in the material world but also problems on the value and significance of life. There are answers for these problems in every country's and every nation's culture. These answers regulate not only the living idea and style of every member who enjoys this culture but also the aim and significance in the pursuit for education and knowledge. Nowadays modernization is by no means to reject or discard one country or one nation's own culture and value system, but to continue and advance all cultures and value systems along with different countries' and nations' own way under the conditions of new era. Our modernization is a pursuit for higher civilization about the harmonious development between human, nature, society and human themselves on the basis of the basic cultural spirit. Accordingly, school education should be an activity of cultural transmission and construction with the purpose of fulfilling every nation's existent ideal. The aim of school education is designed for this purpose. Only in this way can people like schools, can students like to study. Hence, school education must respect each individual and his cultural nature. Only in this way can education realize its value---- the existence of human beings. This is the principle for not only general schooling but also one nation's education. There are two points which should be paid attention to in education of any multinational country: one is personality education----schooling must respect the existence, nature, value and action of individuals from the reality and the cultural definition, the other is equality education----schooling in multinational country is a bilateral interaction. According to this, school education must be established on the basis of national culture.This study is to comprehend the living demands from people and the educational demands from parents and children in all dribs and drabs of the living by methods of anthropology, the fieldwork research in Qilu Village School in Badi Town, my living and laboring with the locals. Through the communication with school's teachers and managers, the observation of their classes, the back-check of students' textbooks and assignments and the careful listening for teachers' talking and managers' introductions, the existing demands for various educations from students, families and the rural community and the educational aims of the state-own Qilu primary school. This article analyses these various educational demands, discusses the relations between them, probes into the requirements and principles about the establishment of school's educational aims and puts forward things that should be paid attention to while establishing school's educational aims.It is hoped in this study that China, Korea and other multinational countries can attach importance to the traditional culture base and take all aspects of educational need into account while establishing school's educational aims and that the culture- adaptive principle brought forward in this study can give references for schools' running, teachers' training and schools' curriculum establishment. It is sincerely wished that schools can become real educational sites serving for the existence of human beings and fulfill this thing that education ought to have done.