Study On Chinese Elite Race-Walking Athletes Of The Training Content System

This study is to analyze the competitive ability aspects in training content systems such as technique, physical capability, tactics, psychology etc. in the way of literature, interview, sports biomechanics analytical shooting method and mathematical statistics, in order to enhance the understanding of nature characteristics of special items and training law of race-walking.It can be concluded as follows:Highly-developed sports quality and special techniques are the leading factors in all factors that constitute competitive ability in training content system of top race-walking athletes in China. And favorable physical shape, function, and top psychological quality are an important factor of their competitive ability.Race-walking project should be characterized a speed endurance project which requires high technique. The modern race-walking training must follow the concept "pported by excellent technology, based on aerobic endurance, cored by speed endurance, ensured with strength endurance" and implement the training practice scientifically. Today there are two trends of top walking-race atheletes'training these years.One is that the training load converts from large amount into high-intensity, and exercise load gradually decreased, while intensity gradually increased; the other is that large amount is combined with high intensity, and adjust in practical training in order to maxmize the stimulation on the athlete's body, to lead to athletes; movement adaptation, thereby improve exercise capacity.Till now, in China the problem "small stride" in "high gravity, small stride, and high cadence" Shown in elite athletes has been improved, especially in recent years "big stride" has been stressed and revealed the effect. But because athletes'strice frequency still counldn't go up and it becomes the urgent issue which needs to be solved as soon as possible, the next step of race walking echnology development should be put on increasing stride frequency, so that our top athletes will have optimized combination of stride length and stride frequency. The elite athletes in China encounter such problems in their training:in the basic training phase, "special training"with large exercise load and narrow technology, which leads to the fact that the exercise quality of athletes and sports technology base are not solid, and hinders the long-term development of athletes; in specific enhanceing training phase, the excessive pursuit of sports achievements and ignoring the balanced and rational development of technical and physical factors affects the further development of athletes. Compared with top race-walking athletes in the world, China's athletes are weaker in specific technologies, special speed capabilities, the latter process acceleration abilities, and special force capabilities. At present, the principal reasons that China's elite athletes of race-walking are the weak specific technology and insufficient capability in the latter race-course acceleration.The main methods for China's race-walking athelets to enhance their sports achievements are:further improve athelets'maximum capacity of special speed endurance, aerobic endurance level and further improve the special race walking technique, to form the unique technique style suitable for the characteristic of China's elite race-walking athletes.