The Political Economics Analysis Of Environmental Interests

Interest stems from the need, and it is one of the important phenomena of economic society. The diversity of human needs forms the different interests. Environmental interest is one kind of many interests, and it is the most fundamental interest for human. Environmental interest which derives from the natural is the basic human needs. Different environmental interest groups who get different benefit from environment form the complicated relations of environmental interest. Nowsday, the worldwide environmental problem is becoming serious. The deep-seated reasons leading to the worsening environmental problems is the imbalance of allocation of environmental interests. To solve today’s environmental problems we need to proceed from the interests of the environment, which is worthy of further study.This paper, based on the perspective of political economics, detailedly studies the environmental benefits from intergenerational to generation and from macro to micro ideas. The paper summarizes the concept of environmental interests, analyses the source of environmental interests, divides the environmental interest into macro environment and micro environment interest, and divides environmental interest groups into macro environment and micro environment interest groups. The thesis analyzes the environmental interests of China on a macro level in detail and the environmental interests of residents and enterprises on and the micro level. Then, the paper uses the knowledge of game theory to discuss the environmental behavior of interest subjects. Finally, this paper analyzes a series of problems of macro environmental interests in China, including the status, the reasons and how to maintain it in the future. Imbalances and inequities of environmental interests is the deeper reason for the status of environmental interests for china. In order to constraint the environmental behavior of environmental stakeholders, the construction of balance mechanism of environmental interests is discussed which can be hoped to ease the Chinese environmental and realize the strategic target of sustainable development.The discussion centered on environmental interests contains nine chapters, and besides the introduction, the thesis is divided into three parts.The first part including the second and third chapter discusses the basic theory of environmental benefits, which is the foundation of making points and the theoretical basis for this paper. This part sums up the concept of environmental interests, analyzes the structure and basic characteristics of environmental interest, digs out the ideas of environmental interest. This paper reviews environmental interest thoughts of Marx’s, western economists, Chinese leaders and domestic academic circles. Marx’s thought of environmental interest is the guiding ideology of China’s environmental governance and the construction of modernization. Thought on environmental interests of Chinese leaders played a crucial role on constructing and maintaining the national environmental interests.The thoughts on environmental interests of western economists and the studies on the environmental interests of scholars both at home and abroad inspire greatly us to study environmental interests nowadays. These ideas of environmental interest are the theory premise, the literature basis and an essential part for my dissertation.The second part discusses the environmental interest from the macro and micro aspects. Firstly, this part analyzes the produce of the idea of sustainable development and equity of intrageneration and intergeneration equity which based on the idea of sustainable development, and especially analyzes intergenerational equity in detail, all of which include in the fourth chapter. Secondly, this part discusses Chinese environmental interests in the process of reform and opening, which includes Chapter four to seven. Under the background of world economy, chapter five analyzes the macro environmental interests of China on an open conditions, including the effect of Chinese foreign economic relations and global climate change on environmental interests. Chapter six, based on the perspective of micro political economy, analyzes environmental interests for residents and enterprises. Environmental interests have an important influence on the enterprises’ production and management, but enterprises obtain environmental interests are restricted by various factors, and excessive profit from environment will affect the environmental interests of residents. Residents is the micro unit of environmental interests, the environmental interests of them are affected by various factors. In chapter seven, the paper analyzes the game among the environmental interests groups with game theory. The difference attitude for environment interests and environmental behavior of each subject in the game lead to unbalanced allocation of environmental interests for benefit subjects in the game, which is the deeper reason for Chinese environmental problems to be solved difficultly and to remain worse.The third part includes the eighth and ninth chapter. The eighth chapter analyzes the status of the development and change of macro environmental interests, including the status and reasons for Chinese domestic macro environment interests, the measures which Chinese government take for the loss of macro environment interests, the future direction of protecting macro environment.The ninth chapter analyzes means of equitable sharing of environmental interests. The interests of beneficiaries coexist with losers because of the endless game among the environmental interests groups, for the same reason, it is difficult to solve the complex environmental problems in China. So, it is very necessary to construct a mechanism of balancing of environmental interests. On the one hand, it can protect the environmental interests of weak party and share the environmental interests with a fair. On the other hand, the environmental problems in China can be expected to ease or solve.