| Objective:To compare the levels of aquaporins and cytokines in urine, plasma and induced sputum in different groups of asthma:Cold and Heat asthma; uncontrol and part of control asthma; CVA and asthma.To investigate the role of aquaporins in the pathogenesis and possible clinical application of asthma. To explore the material basis of cold,heat asthma and the experimental basis of the "water metabolism theory" in TCM.Methods:60asthma patients and21healthy subjects were included to the study, urine AQP2; plasma AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5; plasma vasopressin (AVP); plasma AngⅡ was tested using ELISA, leukocyte count was tested in induced sputum; sputum AQP1、AQP3、AQP4、 AQP5also detected by ELISA; plasma and induced sputum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17levels were detected with CBA.Results:urine AQP2of asthma higher than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P=0.001), significant difference between cold asthma and normal group (P<0.001), between heat asthma and normal group (P<0.001); induced sputum AQP3cold asthma group increased, heat asthma group decreased, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001), significant difference between cold asthma and normal group (P<0.001), between cold asthma and heat asthma (P=0.003); induced sputum AQP5cold asthma group increased, heat asthma group decreased, there was significant difference between the three groups (P=0.002), significant difference between cold and heat syndrome group (P=0.001), heat asthma group and normal group differences approached statistical significance (P=0.059); plasma AQP1asthma group reduced than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P=0.003), significant difference between cold asthma and normal group (P=0.003); plasma AQP3asthma group decreased than normal group, the difference between the three groups had significant statistical significance (P<0.001), significant difference between cold asthma and control group (P <0.001); between heat asthma and normal group (P<0.001); plasma AQP5asthma group decreased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P <0.01), significant difference between cold asthma and normal group (P=0.002). Induced sputum eosinophils in asthma patients higher than that of normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.00l), significant difference between cold asthma group and normal group (P<0.001), statistically difference between heat asthma and normal group (P=0.015); neutrophils of asthma cases higher than that of normal group, there was statistically difference between the three groups (P=0.019), there was statistically difference between heat asthma and normal group (P=0.01).The plasma TNF-a asthma group increased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups(P=0.011); induced sputum IL-4asthma group higher than that of cold asthma and normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001), statistically difference between heat asthma and cold asthma group (P <0.05); induced sputum IFN-y asthma group increased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P=0.007), significant difference between cold asthma and control group (P=0.007), asthma and control group was close to statistical differences (.P=0.055). According to ACT, the asthma patients were divided into pant of control group (ACT below19points) and control group (ACT above or equal20), urine AQP2of asthma group increased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001), significant difference between uncontrol and normal group (P<0.001), between part of the control group and normal group (P<0.001); plasma AQP1asthma group decreased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P=0.003), significant difference between uncontrol and normal group (P=0.002),plasma AQP3asthma group decreased than normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001), significant difference between uncontrol group and control group (P<0.001), between part of the control group and normal group (P<0.001); plasma AQP5of asthma group decreased than control group, the difference was statistically significant between the three groups.(P=0.004), significant difference between control group and normal group (P=0.003); no significant difference between groups in induced sputum AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, MUC5AC, induced sputum eosinophils of uncontrol group was higher than part of control and normal group, with significant difference between the three groups (P<0.01);plasma IL-4uncontrol group was higher than control and normal group, with significant difference between the three groups (P<0.01), significant difference between uncontrol and normal group (P <0.01), between uncontrol group and part of control group (P<0.01); plasma IL-6uncontrol group was higher than part of control and normal group, close to statistically differences between the three groups(P=0.058). Classification of typical asthma and cough variant asthma (CVA):urine AQP2of typical asthma group increased than CVA and normal group, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001), there was statistically differences between each group (P<0.05):typical asthma and CVA group, CVA and normal control group, asthma and normal group. plasma AQP1asthma group decreased than control group, with a significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05); plasma AQP3asthma group decreased than control group, typical asthma and control group had statistically difference (P<0.05), CVA and control group had statistically difference (P<0.05);plasma AQP5asthma group decreased than control group, close to statistically differences between the three groups (P=0.092). No statistical significance between groups about induced sputum AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, MUC5AC;plasma TNF-a typical asthma group increased, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05). Induced sputum IL-6, TNF-a typical asthma group increased; there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.01), statistical differences between typical asthma and CVA group (P<0.05), between typical asthma and control group (P<0.05); induced sputum IL-4typical asthma group increased, the difference was statistically significant between the three groups (P<0.05), typical asthma and control group had statistically difference (P<0.05). A statistically correlation between urine AQP2and plasma IL-4, IL-6(P<0.05); there was statistical correlation between urine AQP2and AQP5in induced sputum (P<0.05); statistically correlation between urine AQP2and plasma ADH (P<0.05). Conclusion:AQPs and inflammatory mediators may involved in the onset of asthma, in which airway and systemic water metabolism imbalance and inflammation coexist; AQPs may reflect the severity of asthma in a certain degree, urine AQP2may be a simple and objective clinical monitoring index; AQPs might become a part of the material basis of cold asthma and heat asthma. AQPs might explain the "water metabolism theory" in TCM. |
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