A Study On Building Of The Harmonious Society In China’s Rural Areas During The Process Of Urbanization

Urbanization, as a phasal product of social productive power, characterizesindustrialization and modernization, as well as symbolizes the progress of humancivilization, for which industry is provided with sufficient labours, advanced platformsfor scientific&technological creation, speedy networks of logistical supply, broadmarkets for commodity sales. A product of, also a booster for industrialization,urbanization meanwhile does not simply mean the enlarging number, space andpopulation of cities, but also cities’ influences over rural societies, which are imposedby absorbing a large number of surplus rural labours, providing advanced farmingmachinery, science, technology, a large number of highly proficient workers, andcivilizing rural areas from primitive, unenlightened traditional societies tomodernization.However, as for the Marxist theories on urban&rural development and historicalexperiences of different countries, with underdeveloped productive power, the processof urbanization is the process of separation and opposition between the city and thecountryside. At the initial stage, urbanization leads to an incessant process of occupyingrural spaces, emitting pollutants to rural areas, etching rural cultures, thus causing thecountryside neglected, marginalized, explored. This produces a source of intensifyingconflicts between urban&rural areas, as well as a seriously imbalanced interiorstructure of rural societies. Therefore, at the new historical era, an appeal is issued fromthe central government of CPC (Communist Party of China) for additional aids ofpolicy and funds, ever-growing satisfaction of farmers’ needs for higher agriculturalproductivity, financial income, social welfare, as well as strengthened management,relieved conflicts, secured stability of China’s society for an overall construction of theharmonious rural society.The logical structure of this thesis is expanded into six aspects: study background,theoretical source, current situation analysis, construction aim, constructing subject andconstruction paths, therefore channeling the whole content into six chapters.The first chapter, as the introduction, presents a brief description of the basic concept of urbanization and its visible characteristics, by retrospecting the process ofurbanization of major countries and districts in the world, including the early modern&modern China, with emphasis on the influences of China’s urbanization over rural areasand its profound meaning for the harmonious society construction in the countrysideafter the Opening&Reform Policy was implemented.The second chapter, as the theoretical sector, illustrates the intellectual source,theoretical foundation and guideline of the harmonious society. The notion of Harmony,revealing human’s pursuit for a better life, constitutes an important part of both Chineseand Western cultures. From the17th to the18th century, the model of the Ideal Societywas established and applied to practice by European Utopian socialists, who create animportant source of Karl Marx’s scientific socialism through providing theoreticalreferences and practical experiences for its birth. CPC, since its foundation time, hasnever ceased the pursuit for a beautiful, harmonious society, no matter at the NewDemocratic era, or at the Opening&Reform period. After21stcentury, confronted withthe complex, variable international situation and different interest appeals fromdifferent domestic groups, CPC set up the great concept of constructing the socialistharmonious society, and identified social harmony as the nature of socialism withChinese characteristics.The third chapter, as the analysis of the current situation, indicates that the ruralareas in early modern China were the poorest, the most underdeveloped, but the mostintensively revolutionary places through a review of their development history. Inaddition, this chapter summarizes problems and analyses their major causes in differentaspects of agricultural production, social management, cultural life, and etc.The fourth chapter, as a proposal of construction aim, presents the goal ofconstruction of the rural harmonious society, which is, under the guidance of theMarxist theories on balanced development of urban&rural regions, to achieve ademocratic, law-governed, economically-prosperous, highly-civilized, maintainableharmonious society where human’s overall free development is available.The fifth chapter, as the description of construction subject, illustrates the roles andeffects of subjects participating in the construction of the rural harmonious society,including the administrative role of the rural party-policy organization (governmentalinstitute), which are made of the rural party organization at the grass-root level and the villagers’ committee, the role of the individual organization (non-governmental institute)for interests integrating, communicating, coordinating, and economy flourishing.Moreover, this chapter depicts farmers’ responsibility as hosts, as well as happiness feltfrom the subject roles enjoying the harmonious society.The sixth chapter, as the presentation of construction paths, concentrates on waysto construct the rural harmonious society under the background of urbanization,reflected in the balanced development of urban&rural areas, the method of UrbanSupporting Rural, Industry Back-Feeding Agriculture, and the rule of gradual removalfrom the binary urban-rural social structure. Additionally, focuses are placed on thecentral leading role of the CPC, the ensured direction for harmonious societyconstruction, the developed modern agriculture for solid wealth foundation, theprosperous rural culture for powerful spiritual motivation, the creative socialmanagement for rich public products and social welfare.