The Research On The Diagnostic Model Of The Serums Of The Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Based On The Raman Spectroscopy

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is becoming more common across the globe.The prognosis of OSCC is largely dependent on the early detection.But the routine oral cavity examination may delay the diagnosis because the early oral malignant lesions may be clinically indistinguishable from benign or inflammatory diseases.In this study,Were collected cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2013 to 2015 and continue to statistical analysis.The new diagnostic method is developed by using the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)to detect the serum samples from the cancer patients.MethodBased on the diagnosis standard of OSCC and the standard of into and exclusion criteria,a total of 496 cases were collected,Then SPSS 13.0 were used for statistical analysis.The blood serum samples were collected from the OSCC patients,MEC patients and the volunteers without OSCC or MEC.Gold nanoparticles(NPs)were then mixed in the serum samples to obtain the high quality SERS spectra.There were totally 135 spectra of OSCC,90 spectra of mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC)and 145 spectra of normal control group,which were captured by SERS successfully.Compared with the normal control group,the Raman spectral differences exhibited in the spectra of OSCC and MEC groups,which were assigned to the nucleic acids,proteins and lipids.Based on these spectral differences and features,the algorithms of principal component analysis(PCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)were employed to analyze and classify the Raman spectra of different groups.ResultsPeak of onset age are mainly concentrated in 50-59,60-69 and 70-79 years old,male to female ratio is about 2:1.Neck lymph node metastasis rate was 42.9%,the neck lymph node metastasis is associated with age,site,tumor size and pathology staging,(P < 0.05).But local recurrence is associated with tumor size and pathology staging,(P < 0.05).By Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis,The risk of death of patients with local recurrence is 122 times more than the patients without local recurrence.Compared with the normal groups,the major increased peaks in the OSCC and MEC groups were assigned to the molecular structures of the nucleic acids and proteins.And these different major peaks between the OSCC and MEC groups were assigned to the special molecular structures of the carotenoids and lipids.The PCA-LDA results demonstrated that OSCC could be discriminated successfully from the normal control groups with a sensitivity of 80.7% and a specificity of 84.1%.The process of the cross validation proved the results analyzed by PCA-LDA were reliable.ConclusionPeak of onset age of OSCC are mainly concentrated in Chongqing region,male to female ratio is about 2:1.Neck lymph node metastasis rate was 42.9%,the neck lymph node metastasis is associated with age,site,tumor size and pathology staging,while local recurrence is associated with tumor size and pathology staging.The risk of death is associated with local recurrence.The gold NPs were appropriate substances to capture the high-quality SERS spectra of the OSCC,MEC and normal serum samples.The results of this study confirm that SERS combined PCA-LDA had a giant capability to detect and diagnosis OSCC through the serum sample successfully.