The Study On The Korean Immigrants In The Jilin And The Changchun Region(1910-1949)

In this dissertation,it is focus on the Jilin region of Jilin province and the Changchun region(referred to as the Ji Chang region)as the regional center,discusses the Korean immigrants since the end of the Qing Dynasty and the formation of the Korean immigrant society.The process of Korean immigrants was divided into four stages,from the end of the 19th century to the 1910 Japan Korea annexation,Korean immigrants moved to Ji Chang area as the period of development,from the period of the Japan—Korea annexation to the eve of the 1931 "9.18" incident is the central time,from the "9.18" incident to 1945 was the climax period for Korean immigrants.It was the pattern of Korean immigrants in the formation stage in the Northeast liberation from 1945 to 1949.Korean immigrants were in the Ji Chang region of China and the hard process of immigrantion.The Qing government formulated "no Korean immigrants more cultivation"and "forced Naturalization","confiscation of land" policy,limited the Korean immigrants.The immigrants was tortured by the "9.18 Incident" from the Japan and serve the double oppression of the warlord,"dual nationality","naturalized",expulsion of immigrants"policy.South Korean Governor House and the puppet Manchuria in accordance with the"full of the Korean people",the bankruptcy of peasant lived in the Korean Peninsula was forced to immigrate to the Ji Chang region.Japanese puppet regime "gross management Korean immigrants","Manchuria agricultural immigration plan",those plan like yoke for the immigrant group and pioneering people,firmly tied up the Korean immigrants.At the end of the Qing Dynasty only had scattered Korean immigrants.In the 1920s,a number of the growth rate was very quickly in the Ji Chang region for the Korean immigrants.According to the incomplete statistics in 1921,North Korean immigrants increased to 10112,in 1930,17732,in 1936,65133,until 1943 soared to 200 thousand.Live range is from the "Diaspora" to "rural village",forming the Korean people living community.Distribution and composition of the population are quite different in the cities of North Korea in different periods,also the occupation was not the same.Urban and rural Korean immigrants living in different circumstance,the North Korean lived in the city has a certain economic ability,but they did small business and small handcrafts,while there were numbers of certain public servants and polices in the Changchun city and Jilin City,such as some officials,their life was more stable,and better conditions to settle down.Some of Korean immigrants had a certain economic ability that were generally close to Japanese and embarked on the assist the Japanese colonial rule of the road.But the lower North Koreans were generally can not change their colonial identity,has not been changed by the local landlords and the puppet government of Manchuria’s oppression and the destruction of fate.During the period of the rule by the warlords,they were both Korean and Japanese,which were restricted by dual nationality.In pseudo Manchuria,they were not only the pseudo Manchuria citizens,but also the"Japanese citizens".From surface to see the Korean immigrants enjoy as the "Japanese Imperial Citizens”,"second-class citizens" treatment,actually most North Koreans did not solve the problem of nationality,was suffered by the result of the exploitation of the puppet regime from the ethnic identity and national identity confusion,and lived in aggression and resistance seam gap to maintain life difficultly.Korean immigrants movement has nearly half century,is the process of hard work.Their hands with their diligence and wisdom improved the rice varieties,spontaneous building simple water conservancy project,in Ji Chang land reclamation in large areas of paddy field,change of local residents living food element,land development and social progress of local shed the sweat of hard work,and made outstanding contributions to the Ji Chang region for agricultural development.The Korean immigrants in the region of Ji Chang,adheres to the national tradition and pays attention to education.At the beginning of the immigrants began to create a variety of schools,the form is also diversified,there were social groups,people self financing,religious,independent movement and other modes of running school.Due to the lack of funds and the interference,the school was stopped because of difficult to maintain.However,these schools had inherited the national spirit,learned the knowledge and culture,and promoted the Communist ideology,trained the Anti Japanese reserve forces.After the North Korea "Three-one" movement in 1919,some patriots moved to the northeast of Chinese.At the beginning of the 1920s,Jilin city became Korean the core area for Anti Japanese movement,some of North Korean patriots moved from Jilin to Shanghai,set up independent of various ethnic groups and the Japanese imperialism of unremitting struggle.However,the composition of the Korean immigrants was split by the era of national independence groups and the limitations of the class.In the 1930s,most of nationalists compromised to the Japanese pseudo,and the rest parts of the best molecular joined the Communist Organization to join the Anti Japanese movement under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.After the "9.18" incident and the fall of the Northeast,common experience made the immigrants from Korea and Chinese people who had a profound friendship,so it carried out harvest and spring drought fight in Ji Chang area.Panshi guerrilla forces were established,establish Boli Hetao,Hongshilaizi Anti Japanese root,cooperated with the leadership of the Communist Party of China against Japan,and united anti Japanese coalition.Finally,for the comprehensive win of anti Japanese War has made outstanding contributions.During the war of liberation,the Korean people was persecuted by political bandits,the national government confiscated their assets and most of the urban immigrants returned to North Korea.In Jilin and Changchun regions of North Koreans middle-aged actively joined the army,the Jilin Northeast liberation army paid a great sacrifice for the final victory.The Communist Party of China has always paid attention to the Chinese Korean immigrants.Since the founding of the Communist Party in Manchuria Province in 1927,it has been regarded as a minority nationality in China.During the period of Anti Japanese War,united them in order to join the anti Japanese War.During the liberation of war,the Korean immigrants participated inland reform.In 1949,the first time,the people’s Political Consultative Conference of China established the law permitted the Korean immigrants became the Chinese minority.