| Eco-Marxism came into being in the 1960 s along with the green movement of western capitalist countries.Later,due to the globalization of environmental issues,this left-wing movement trend of thought gradually received worldwide attention.The research perspective and focus of Japanese scholars on eco-Marxism are different from those of China to a certain extent,which is worthy of study and reference.Takashi Shimazaki is a representative of Japanese eco-Marxist researchers.He reinterpreted Marxism from the perspective of ecology.From the formation background and theoretical source of the ideology of Takashi Shimazaki’s eco-Marxism,we can see that he inherited and developed the ecological thoughts of Marx and Engels from the two dimensions of practical needs and theoretical innovation.Firstly,from the perspective of reality,Takashi Shimazaki believes that in the current world pattern of capitalist globalization,we should seek a way out for the recovery and development of Marxism by combining Marxism with the most urgent practical problem,namely,environmental issues.Secondly,from the theoretical dimension,through the exploration of the practice-based Marxist view of nature,the ecological essence of Marxist philosophy and socialism is analyzed by Takashi Shimazaki,so as to combine ecology and Marxism to provide a realistic and feasible path for the construction of eco-socialism.On the whole,Takashi Shimazaki has put forward a scientific,complete and innovative eco-Marxist theoretical system.The most prominent theoretical contribution of the eco-Marxist thoughts of Takashi Shimazaki is to complete the internal transformation from Marxist philosophy to environmental philosophy by characterizing the essence of Marxist philosophy as practical materialism.Therefore,the core content of his eco-Marxist ideology can be summarized as "the environmental theory turn of practical materialism".Takashi Shimazaki clearly pointed out that the logic of capital has an inherent antiecological nature,and the continuation of the capitalist mode of production must be at the expense of the natural environment.Therefore,eco-criticism of capital logic is one of the core contents of his eco-Marxist ideology,and is the practical basis and theoretical premise for him to put forward the idea of building an eco-socialist society under the framework of symbiotic logic.In this regard,he emphatically analysed on the irreconcilable contradiction between the capitalist mode of production and the protection of the ecological environment,and thus figured out the root cause of the ecological crisis under the control of capital logic.Takashi Shimazaki firstly summarized many social alienation phenomena caused by the capitalist system,which is the external manifestation of the contradiction between human and nature,and between human beings.Then it is further revealed that the internal contradiction of capital logic gave birth to these alienation phenomena,and finally it is deduced that capital logic has anti-ecological nature,which is the fundamental cause of the ecological crisis.Therefore,the elimination of capitalist private ownership is the fundamental way to completely solve the ecological crisis.Takashi Shimazaki attaches great importance to the way of communication between human beings and between human and nature.Labor is the medium of communication between human beings and between human and nature.Under the control of capital logic,labor has been alienated,leading to the alienation of the relationship between human beings and between human and nature.On the basis of developing and discarding the symbiotic philosophy of Kisho Kurokawa,Inoue Tatuo and Syuuji Ozeki,Takashi Shimazaki put forward the philosophy of coexistence and symbiosis between human beings and between human and nature,and put forward the description of an ideal society of coexistence and symbiosis on this basis.Based on the analysis of the causes of ecological crisis led by capital logic,propose countermeasures to address environmental issues from the root.The real essence of socialism put forward by Marx is to follow the symbiotic logic to eliminate the alienated way of production and life led by capital logic and build an eco-socialist society.Symbiotic logic is the fundamental principle that must be followed to protect the environment and realize the sustainable development of human and nature.Takashi Shimazaki believes that only by "breaking" the capital logic and "establishing" the symbiotic logic can mankind truly get out of the environmental dilemma.Summarizing and sorting out the eco-Marxist ideology of Takashi Shimazaki from the perspective of Marxist theory is an important way to analyze the innovation and deficiency of his views.Through longitudinal analysis,he has inherited and transcended previous studies by combining current ecological issues,and made great theoretical contributions to the innovation and development of eco-Marxism.Through the horizontal comparison,it can be seen that compared with other eco-Marxist scholars,Takashi Shimazaki pays more attention to the textual research and the exploration of the essence of Marxist philosophy,and his research methods and theoretical achievements are obviously more innovative than others.On the other hand,there are also some obvious deficiencies in the eco-Marxist thoughts of Takashi Shimazaki,including the insufficient generalization of Marx’s ecological thoughts,the compromise of the capitalist system,and the unspecific discussion of how to realize the eco-socialist society.These shortcomings,even fallacies,have finally led to the theoretical defect that his eco-Marxist ideology has insufficient class revolutionary consciousness.This is where subsequent scholars need to avoid repeated mistakes and continue to pursue innovation when carrying out relevant research.Takashi Shimazaki did not adhere to the revolutionary principle when he proposed how to build an eco-socialist society,but his eco-Marxist ideology,from the perspective of philosophical methodology,has deeply explored the natural view contained in Marxist thoughts through the reconstruction of Marxist materialism in general.In combination with the realistic ecological problems of human society,it has developed Marxism and opened up a new stage and new realm of contemporary Marxist research.This is of great significance to modern human beings who have endured the consequences of environmental damage caused by industrial production for a long time,and it provides reference and inspiration for us to adopt what economic development model and how to get along with nature in the future.At the same time,it also provides an important theoretical reference for China to carry out the construction of socialist ecological civilization and build a harmonious and symbiotic life community between human and nature.Specifically,we can refine the era value of the eco-Marxist ideology of Takashi Shimazaki from the three dimensions of values,theory and practice,and obtain the reference for the construction of Chinese ecological civilization.In terms of values,Takashi Shimazaki stressed the importance of building a correct view of nature.In theory,the interpretation of symbiotic logic provides theoretical inspiration for deepening the understanding of a community with a shared future for mankind.In practice,specific countermeasures to deal with environmental problems are proposed from the perspective of government,enterprises and individuals.It has truly achieved the “trinity",providing a useful reference for China to formulate environmental policies. |
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