Research On The Path And Mechanism Of Regional Collaborative Governance Of PM_2.5 And O₃ Pollution

The development of industrialization and urbanization has brought serious regional compound air pollution,which has caused immeasurable harm to China’s economic development and people’s physical and mental health.Especially in recent years,the pollution gas has led to the continuous deterioration of atmospheric environmental quality,which is mainly PM_2.5and O₃.In view of the increasingly serious air pollution,China insists on using scientific and reasonable control methods and institutional guarantee to reduce the severity of air pollution,from"ten measures for air control"to"safeguarding clear blue sky"and then to"coordinated control of PM_2.5and O₃".On this basis,China has adjusted from limited"territorial governance"to comprehensive"multi regional joint prevention and control".China’s air pollution control process continues to make progress with the new era and has its own unique control advantages.However,in recent years,the problem of ozone pollution has become increasingly prominent due to human factors and natural conditions,and the total amount of haze is still rising.In the process of multi regional collaborative governance,it also faces practical difficulties such as insufficient power,poor operation state and weak support.The primary task to solve the problem is to establish and consolidate PM_2.5and O₃multi regional collaborative governance path and mechanism.In response to the global call for carbon neutralization,carbon peaking and air pollution prevention and control,the 14th five year plan for national economic and social development of the people’s Republic of China and the outline of long-term objectives for 2035 clearly require"Strengthen multi pollutant coordinated control and multi regional coordinated governance.In order to effectively strengthen the management of urban air quality compliance,it is proposed to promote fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)and ozone（O₃）coordinated control measures,which can effectively reduce the PM_2.5concentration in prefecture level and above cities by 10%,curb the growth trend of O₃concentration and eliminate the heavily polluted weather to a great extent".This measure has been effectively promoted,which has pressed the acceleration key for China’s air pollution control and better and faster realization of the improvement of the ecological environment,which provides a driving force guarantee for the formation of the long-term goal of beautiful China in 2035.Therefore,China continues to strengthen the research on the regional collaborative governance path and mechanism of PM_2.5and O₃pollution,so as to realize people’s physical and mental health and achieve the characteristics of coordinated development of economic quality and atmospheric environment,which has great theoretical and practical significance for promoting the construction of a beautiful,harmonious and green new China.Therefore,the multi regional collaborative treatment of PM_2.5and O₃pollution has become an important research topic of air pollution prevention and control in China.In this article,the relevant concepts,literature review and theoretical research are the basis of the article content,and the theoretical framework is the guide.The mechanism of the co-governance of PM_2.5and O₃are deeply analyzed,which lays a scientific foundation for the later introduction of regional coordinated control of two types of pollutants;Secondly,by defining the scope of regional synergy for PM_2.5and ozone control,the regional scope of collaborative governance can be determined,and the key governance areas can be known;Then,we construct the collaborative governance path of the whole country and key regions,and study the action paths and effects of various regional collaborative governance measures on regional PM_2.5and O₃and other polluting gases;Finally,the design scheme of regional collaborative governance mechanism of PM_2.5and O₃pollution is determined.The main research work of this dissertation is as follows:（1）The theoretical framework of regional collaborative governance of PM_2.5and O₃pollution is established,focusing on the objectives of regional collaborative governance,the mechanism of joint governance of PM_2.5and O₃pollution,the scope of governance regional synergy,multi regional collaborative governance path and regional collaborative governance mechanism.We define the basic connotation of multi regional collaborative governance,and expound the specific connotation and function meaning of each component.We clarify the logical connection among the constituent elements,that is,aiming at realizing economic benefits,environmental benefits and social benefits,taking pollution co-governance and regional scope as the basis,and taking the path and mechanism of regional collaborative governance as the main research content.（2）From the perspective of temporal and spatial distribution laws and homology elements,the mechanism and reasons for joint treatment of PM_2.5and O₃pollution are explored using spatial correlation analysis methods and geographic detector models.On the one hand,this dissertation analyzes the temporal and spatial variation laws of 284cities in China from the two aspects of mean pollution concentration and exceeding standard.The characteristics of two kinds of pollution gases in China are verified,that is,the severity of peak staggering period and the similarity of multi regional distribution,which makes it urgent to carry out collaborative treatment;On the other hand,taking the homology elements as the starting point,the correlation degree of PM_2.5,O₃,VOCs and NO_xpollution is measured by extracting three types of driving indicators:precursor elements,socio-economic elements and natural elements.Taken together,except for the number of patents applied for,all other driving factors affect the generation mechanism of PM_2.5and O₃pollution to varying degrees.Among them,natural factors headed by average temperature and sunshine hours have the most significant driving effect on PM_2.5and O₃pollution,and private car ownership has become the primary driving factor for VOCs and NO_xpollution.（3）The Girvan Newman algorithm is used to define the macro area and sub-area of PM_2.5and O₃（P-O）joint treatment,and then the entropy method and the distance between superior and inferior solutions（TOPSIS）evaluation and analysis method are used to divide the macro area of P-O pollution into key governance regions and general governance regions.Among them,the key governance regions mainly include the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions,the border area between Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Anhui（Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions）,the Yangtze River Delta region,the South China region,and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The cities in each region conduct collaborative management of PM_2.5and O₃pollution.Based on this,this thesis finally constructs a new situation of"national multi regional collaborative governance-macro regional urban collaborative governance-subordinate regional urban collaborative governance",which lays the foundation for the main body of governance for the following path analysis and mechanism construction.（4）Bayesian estimation and structural equation model are used to study the path and effect of regional collaborative governance on regional air pollution including PM_2.5and O₃.Based on the relevant policies on regional air pollution control promulgated by China over the years,combined with the functional relationship and logical mechanism among the governance elements,the specific content of regional collaborative governance is defined as multi regional industrial structure collaborative adjustment,multi regional transportation structure collaborative adjustment,multi regional technology collaborative innovation and multi regional energy consumption collaborative control.The four levels of collaborative control are calculated by using the coupling coordination model,and the index system of regional collaborative governance path is constructed.Then,taking the national macro-regions and the above four key governance regions as research samples,and from the perspective of time dynamics and regional differentiation,the direct,indirect and comprehensive path effects of regional coordinated governance on regional air pollution are calculated.From the point of view of the national comprehensive effect,multi regional industrial structure collaborative adjustment is the key control method affecting regional air pollution.However,multi regional technology collaborative innovation hinders the reduction of PM_2.5,O₃,VOCs and NO_xpollution;From the perspective of key control regions,multi regional transportation structure collaborative adjustment has the most significant impact on the air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas and in southern China.The multi regional technology collaborative innovation has become the most important pollution control path in the Yangtze River Delta and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.（5）The regional collaborative governance mechanism for PM_2.5and O₃pollution is designed.By exploring and summarizing China’s current regional collaborative governance of air pollution,combined with the characteristics of PM_2.5and O₃pollution and the above research content,the framework system of"two stages,four macro mechanisms,six general mechanisms and ten sub mechanisms"is formulated.Specifically,we first use the method of evolutionary game theory to analyze the formation mechanism of regional collaborative governance,and then successively introduces that the dynamic mechanism is dominated by interest coordination mechanism and cultural coordination mechanism.The operation mechanism is based on the subject cooperation mechanism and information transmission mechanism,and the guarantee mechanism is based on the supervision and assistance mechanism and multi regional collaborative legislation mechanism.Compared with previous studies,the main innovations of this thesis are as follows:（1）Based on the temporal and spatial distribution law and the homology of the causes,the logical mechanism of the joint governance of PM_2.5and O₃pollution is revealed by using the spatial correlation analysis method and the geographic detector model.On the one hand,we has established that China is currently in a pollution pattern in which PM_2.5and O₃are staggered throughout the year,deteriorating the quality of the atmospheric environment,and the spatial distribution is basically superimposed;On the other hand,it is clear that precursor factors,socioeconomic factors and natural factors are the common source factors that drive the development or slowdown of PM_2.5and O₃pollution.（2）The new chart of"national multi regional collaborative governance-macro regional urban collaborative governance-subordinate regional urban collaborative governance"for PM_2.5,O₃,PM_2.5and O₃together is constructed.By using Python technology and Girvan Newman algorithm,284 prefecture-level cities in China are divided into different macro-regions and their sub-regions according to different polluting gases.Further,by using the entropy value method and the TOPSIS evaluation analysis method,the key governance regions and general governance regions of two types of polluted gases and P-O pollution are explored.（3）The Bayesian structural equation model is used to find out the regional collaborative governance path of PM_2.5and O₃pollution.The coupling coordination model is used to measure the path indicators such as multi regional industrial structure collaborative adjustment,multi regional transportation structure collaborative adjustment,multi regional technology collaborative innovation and multi regional energy consumption collaborative control.By using Bayesian structural equations,the key direct,indirect,and comprehensive paths and their effects of coordinated governance measures of nationwide and key governance regions on regional air pollution are clarified.（4）The system of collaborative governance mechanisms for PM_2.5and O₃polluted regions with"two stages,four macro mechanisms,six general mechanisms and ten sub mechanisms"is systematically designed.The evolutionary game theory is used to reveal the formation mechanism of collaborative governance among regional local governments.On this basis,the macro-level mechanism framework is designed with dynamic mechanism,operation mechanism and guarantee mechanism as the core.We continue to construct and expand the corresponding general mechanisms and its sub-mechanisms by using cooperative game theory,optimal removal cost model and related theoretical knowledge.