| The chemical constituents and their anti-inflammatory activities from three traditional Chinese medinces,Juglans mandshurica Maxim.,Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.and Phellinus igniarius(DC.ex Fr.)Quel were investigated in this study.J.mandshurica belongs to the family Juglandaceae and Juglans genus,which is widly distributed in the Eastern Asiatic region.It contains many kinds of chemical constituents and shows antioxidative,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,anti-HIV and anti-parasitic activities.To find out the bioactive constituents of J mandshrica,the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions were isolated and purificated using various column chromatographies,and 24 coumpounds(1-24)were identified by spectral method,namely as 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedionen(1),(4S)-4-hydroxy-α-tetralone(2),(S’)-regiolone(3),(S)-(-)-3-(8-hydroxy-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheny)-propionic acid methyl ester(4),2-ethoxy juglone(5),3-ethoxy juglone(6),2-methoxy juglon(7),(R)-8-hydroxy-atetralone-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),5-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-4,8-dihydroxy-1(2H)naphthalenone(9),(45)-4-hydroxy-α-tetralone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10),4,5,8-trihydroxy-α-tetralone-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11),4,5,8-trihydroxy-α-tetralone-5-O-β-D-[6’-Ｏ-(3",5"-dimethoxy-4"-hydroxy-benzoyl)]glucopyranoside(12),rhoiptelol C(13),(+)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferylalcohol(14),diarylheptanone glucoside(15),(2R,3R,4S)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(16),3,3’-di-O-methylellagicacid4’-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(17),p-hydroxyphenethyl-β-D-glucoside(18),6-O-(4’-hydroxy-3’,5’-dimethoxybenzoyl)-D-glucopyranose(19),ligustroside(20),oleoeuropein(21),maniladiol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(22),3α-O-β-Dglucopyranoside-24-methoxy-olea-12-ene-22-ketone(23),(2α,3β,4α)-2,3,23trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(24).Among them,coumpound 4 is a new coumpound,and four compounds 8,17,20,23 from the genus and six compounds 8,12,17,20,23 and 24 from the Juglandaceae family were reported for the first time.The dry flower of C.morifolium,was mainly distributed in Dongxiang,Zhejiang Province of PR China.It was firstly approved as one of the medicinal and edible herbals by Ministry of Public Health of China,It is rich in nutrient and bioacitve substances,and shows multiple pharmacological effects,cardiovascular protective and neuroprotective effects,anti-oxidative,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory effects,and so on.To clarify the bioactive constituents of C.morifolium,the consolidation of ethyl acetate and CH2Cl2-soluble fractions,and n-butanol fractions were isolated and purificated using various column chromatographies.24 coumpounds(25-48)were isolated and identified by spectral method asβ-D-glucopyranosyl-15α-hydroxyl-18-demethyl-ent-16-kauren-19-oate(25),quercetin(26),luteolin(27),apigenin(28),artemetin(29),5,3’,4’-trihydroxyl-3,6,7-trimethyl flavones(30),apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(31),acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(32),luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(33),diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(34),apigenin-7-O-βD-rutinoside(35),acacetin-7-O-β-D-rutinoside(36),genistein-7-O-β-D-glucoside(37),hesperetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide(38),eriodictyol-7-O-β-D-glucoside(39),homoeriodictyol-7-O-β-D-glucoside(40),eriodictyol-7-O-β-D-rutinoside(41),bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(42),3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(43),3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester(44),trans caffeic acid methylate(45),salicylis acid(46),β-sitosterol(47)and daucosterol(48).Among them,coumpound 25 is a new coumpound,and six compounds 25,30,37,41,42 and 45 from the genus Chrysanthemum,and nine compounds 25,30,35,37,39,40,41,42 and 45 from C.morifolium were reported for the first time.P.igniarius,a valuable medicinal fungus,belongs to the family Hymenochaetaceae,and is distributed mainly in East Asia as well as the northeast regions,Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province of China.The fruiting bodies of P.igniarius have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat bloody gonorrhea,diarrhea,abdominal pain,and festering wounds,which has been shown to possess various bioactivities,such as anti-cancer,anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory effects,nerve and liver protection,and vascular-relaxing effects.To clarify the bioactive constituents of P.igniarius,the CH2Cl2 fraction was isolated and purificated by using various column chromatographies and HPLC,and 19 coumpounds(49-67)were elucidated based on data from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as sulfurenic acid(49),eburicoic acid(50),cycloeucalenol(51),lupeol(52),nepetidin(53),betulin(54),betulic acid(55),23-hydroxybetulinic acid(56),3β-acetyloleanolic acid(57),8,9-epoxyergosta-5,22-dien-3β,15-diol(58),daucosterin(59),5a,6β-dihydroxydaucosterol(60),taxifolin(61),caesalpiniaphenol D(62),3,4-dihydroxybenzalacetone(63),4-acetopyrocatechol(64),protocatechualdehyde(65),pyrocatechol(66),trehalose(67).Overall,two compounds(52 and 63)from the genus Phellinus and nine compounds(49,51,53,56-58,and 60-62)from the Hymenochaetaceae family were reported for the first time.Overall,67 compounds including 2 new ones were isolated from these three traditional Chinese medicines.To further investigate the anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated constituents 1-67,the inhibition of TNF-a-induced NF-κB activation was determined by a dual luciferase reporter assay system.Using LPS-induced inflammatory response in Raw 264.7 macrophages in vitro,the effects of different concentrations of the isolated compounds on the secretion of NO and inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α、IL-6 were evaluated.The results showed that,compounds 13,19,20,21,34,39,44,50,51,53,55,57,58 and 65 could exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the secretion of cytokines. |
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