Research On The "Tone And Lyrics Relationship" In The Singing Of Sichuan Han Folk Songs

Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs represent a significant branch of traditional folk music in China,deeply intertwined with the cultural traditions,social life,and customs of the Sichuan region,showcasing a distinct local style.These folk songs manifest in diverse forms,with labor songs and mountain songs standing out as prominent examples.This research delves into the realm of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,with a primary focus on the tone and lyrics relationship.It meticulously examines the fundamental tonal and melodic characteristics,lyrical structures,and singing practices of 100 carefully chosen songs,with a special emphasis on 40 songs designated as "intangible cultural heritage" within the realm of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs.The study is structured into four main chapters.The Chapter I,segmented into three sections,offers a comprehensive exploration of the historical evolution of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs.It traces the historical trajectory of ancient folk songs in Sichuan,drawing insights from ancient texts such as Chronicles of Huayang and archaeological findings.On the other hand,it discusses the historical development of Sichuan Han folk songs in modern times from two perspectives of inheritance and development.Secondly,based on the protection,inheritance and development of "intangible cultural heritage",the development of Han folk songs in Sichuan today is sorted out in detail.Lastly,based on the Compendium of Chinese Folk Songs-Sichuan Volume,this study categorizes the types and distribution of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs from the perspectives of genres and themes.It briefly outlines the classification of the 100 Sichuan folk songs to be analyzed in the following sections.Chapter Ⅱ focuses on the musical forms of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs.It analyzes the tonal and structural characteristics of the songs based on the selected 100 songs,highlighting the core tonal melodic features.It also compares the differences and similarities between various genres of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,emphasizing the regional styles of labor songs and mountain songs.In terms of the use of core tonalities,the Shuyu system is the most typical,with simpler core tonalities in labor songs,folk songs,and children’s songs,while mountain songs have a richer variety of core tonalities.Regarding genre styles,labor songs and mountain songs are the two categories that best reflect the regional style of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,with a diverse range of song types within each genre.The diverse characteristics of song forms in labor songs are mainly due to different labor scenes,while the differences in song forms in mountain songs mainly come from the richness of lyrical forms(such as the addition of"chen" and "duo").Overall,Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs have characteristics common to Han ethnic folk songs in China,but also possess unique features distinct from other folk songs.For singers,to truly grasp the characteristics of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,special attention should be paid to the musical forms of labor songs and mountain songs.Chapter Ⅲ focuses on the lyrical forms of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,with a detailed discussion of the basic characteristics of Sichuan Han dialects;outlining their phonetic features and the basic situation of local vocabulary;It then provides a comprehensive analysis of the phonetic characteristics of the 40 selected(Class Ⅰ)Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs chosen by the author;finally,briefly summarizes the lyrical forms of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs based on structural forms and phonetic meanings.From the analysis in this chapter,it is evident that dialect phonetics are a dominant factor in shaping the regional style of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs.From the perspective of "tune-word relationship,"Chapter Ⅳ takes singing practices as the foundation.It first discusses the tone and lyrics relationship in Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs from the aspect of genre and form.Furthermore,starting with the three major relationships(tonality,rhythm,and structure)that constitute the tune-word structure,it focuses on the structural elements and analyzes the characteristics of singing in Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs through specific examples.Next,based on vocal expression,it analyzes the general singing rules of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs,focusing on the special expressive requirements of the content of the works.Finally,combining the above two parts,it outlines the presentation characteristics of regional styles in the singing of Sichuan Han ethnic folk songs under the tune-word structure relationship.It briefly discusses the two factors(subjectivity and temporality)that influence the regional style.