Optimal Design Of 3D Seismic Exploration Data Acquisition Of Collapse Pillar

Collapse pillar, as a kind of hazards geological body, usually dispersed in late Paleozoic coal-bearing formation in north china, its scale, damage degree and exploration difficulty are as important as fault, which is paid more attention earlier. The existence of collapse pillar can destroy the continuation of the coal seam and cause roof falling and water bursting. It is the barrier in coal mining. Collapse pillar in coal seam has been the main difficulty in coalfield geological exploration and the main barrier in constructing high yield, high efficiency and high safety mines. Thus, improving the exploration resolution and exploration precision of collapse pillar is extremely urgent.This paper starts with the physical basis, the relation of collapse pillar and the surrounding rock, the response of collapse pillar in seismic section and diffraction time distance curve at the falling points was analyzed. The factors influencing the exploration resolution of collapse pillar, the demands of collapse pillar, and the resolution were discussed based on the definition of seismic resolution.The improving of accuracy and the reduction of cost all starts from data acquisition for all exploration methods, seismic exploration is no exception. So. to achieve the optimal design of data acquisition, seismic wave excitation and receiving, designing of the observation system were analyzed in this paper.The excitation parameters, dynamite source wavelets, dynamite types, excitation depth,excitation charge and excitation combination all influences the signal to noise ratio and resolution of acquisition data, this paper has discussed the above aspects; the coupling relation between the geophone and the ground, the connection pattern of geophone were also discussed in this paper.In designing of the observation system, the advantages and disadvantages of different observation system used on land, the principle for choosing the parameters of observation system were discussed. The designing of observation system of collapse pillar based on the seismic-geologic model also was studied, that is how to build seismic-geologic model of collapse pillar and analysis the quality of observation system by using raytracing method, then optimizes the observation system designing and verifies the feasibility of the modle.In Shanxi-Longquan district, the practice and theory were verified special characteristics, good seismic data was acquired in Shanxi-Longquan district, quality and quantity requirements were fulfilled in completing their tasks.