Inductive Effects Of Herbicides On Erythrocyte Nucleus Of Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus

Inductive effects of six herbicides: acetochlor, saturn, NC-302D(+), frifluralin, sofit and 2-ethyl-4chloro sodium hydration, on micronuclei(MCN) and other nuclear anomalies(ONA) in erythrocytes of loach were studied. The results indicated that some concentrations of acetochlor could induce significant increases in frequencies of MCN and ONA in erythrocytes of loach, there was significant different between the group (0.25ul'L~ 1,13.7%) and the control groupl.l9%(P<0.05). The maximum frequencies of MCN and ONA was reached in 96 hours. Four different concentrations of saturn could induce significant increases in frequencies of MCN and ONA in erythrocytes of loach. The frequencies of damage items of the group (1.4ulL-1,19.33%) were significant different in comparison with the control group0.5%(P<0.01). It reached the maximum inductive effect at 48 hours.After exposure to weedicide samples for 24h alone, four herbicides (NC-302D(+), frifluralin, sofit and 2-ethyl-4chloro sodium hydration) can all give rise to the frequencies of MCN and ONA (P<0.05,or P<0.01).In Four kinds of weedicides, the average frequencies of MCN in erythrocytes of loach induced by sofit have a obviously increase and significant different in comparison with other three herbicides, it indicates that sofit has greater mutagenic activity and toxicity than other three herbicides.There are not significant correlation between concentrations and MCN when two herbicides treat together. On the contrary, the frequencies of MCN of large of low concentration groups are higher than those of high concentration groups. In comparison with herbicides treating alone, the frequencies of MCN of large of experiment groups decline in varying degrees. Two herbicides treating together have an antagonistic action because of some ions of mixture. The MCN and ONA inducted by herbicides don't appear in the meantime. Several kinds of herbicides treating together show an antagonistic action also exist, even tend to intensify. The results also indicate that the inductive effect was weakened when 2-ethy-4-chloro sodium hydration operated with other herbicides.NC-302D(+) can evidently increase the frequencies of numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. It suggests that the herbicide can cause significant direct genetic damages to chromosome of loach.Our experimental results show that loach are susceptible to the induction of nuclear variation. It distributes widely and survives easily. Smears of blood samples were preparedconveniently; and there is no restriction on seasons. For these reasons, MCN and ONA test in erythrocytes of loach is rather useful index for detecting mutagenetic compounds in the aquatic environment.