Biological Toxicity Of Sudan Red Ⅲ To Misgurnus Anguillicaudatus

With the people’s living standard growing up in the modern life, the people are beginning to paymore attention to the safe of the surroundings and the quality of our life. WHO came up with the safety ofthe food and environment will be a challenge for the whole world. Therefore, the additive agent in food isone of the hot researches which are about the reasons of the potential risk to our life. In recent years, thefood pollution problems of Sudan Ⅲ evoke the attention to the damage of the new synthetic pigment．According to the toxicologic measure on valuing the toxicologic influence of the allothigene, ourresearches utilize the toxicologic methods and molecular biology methods to analysis and discuss Sudan Ⅲeffect of the acute toxicology, the genetic toxicity, the physiological toxicology and the damage to the adultDNA and the changes of the express in cDNA on loach. Besides，we also research the influence of SudanⅢ on the embryo of the loach.Our study entirely analyse the toxicologic effect of Sudan Ⅲon loach bythe level of cells and molecule，which will provide the effective basis of researching deeply the toxity ofSudan Ⅲ and also have the lasting and actual meanings for estimating the effect of the non-food materialon people’s healthy life. The overall results of our study as followings：The results of the acute toxicologic experiment show that the LC₅₀after24h is1.0198g/L, theLC₅₀after48h is0.7397g/L and Sc is0.1169g/L. Thus, we can find that Sudan Ⅲhave a strong influenceon loach at a certain extent. This is the primary meet on the toxity of Sudan Ⅲ, and we also need morefollowing experiments to understand deeply.On the basis of the acute toxicology experiment, the genetic toxicity experiment are carrying outwith designing five different concentration groups. In the experiment, the micro nucleus in blood cells are the target to access the toxicologic effect of Sudan Ⅲ to the deformity of the chromosome on loach, thesix different concentration are A（0.0801g/L）, B（0.1601g/L）, C（0.2401g/L）, D（0.3201g/L）, E（0.4001g/L）and the control group. The time of the experiment last five days. The results of the experiment demonstratethat Sudan Ⅲ can lead the micro nucleus to happen and the relationship between them present a time anddose effect.The physiological toxicity experiment use the glutamate pyruvate transaminase（GPT） andglutamic oxalacetic transaminase（GOT） existed in liver as indicator to explore further the effect of Sudanred Ⅲ on the physiological level of the loach. The conclusion show that Sudan red Ⅲ could evoke the bothGPT and GOT to decrease inordinately. And the more higher the concentration is, the more remarkable thedifference of the enzyme activity of GPT and GOT between the control and the experiment groups. It isclear that Sudan red Ⅲ have a distinct influence on the physiological function of the loach．Molecular toxicology experiment by RAPD technology, respectively from the level of the DNAand the RNA, being carried out to explore toxicological effect of Sudan red Ⅲ to the damage in DNA andthe changes of the expression in RNA on loach. The results show that both the level of the DNA and RNAhave the phenomenon of the new bands arising and the normal bands disappearing. The different changesof the bands during different concentrations and times demonstrate that the toxicity of Sudan red Ⅲ havea different degrees of influence on the level of DNA and RNA, which means that Sudan red Ⅲ couldevoke the damage of DNA and the changes of expression in RNA. Besides, our study reclaim the specialbands and clone them to analysis their sequence and find the expression gene related to the immunization,which is an important reference for proclaiming the molecular toxicology mechanism of Sudan red Ⅲ.The toxicity experiment on the embryo of loach by taking the hatching rate and the rate of thedeformed individuals as indicators, respectively from four growth period （embryo uplift period, gastrula stage, neurula stage, tail-bug stage）beginning, show that Sudan red Ⅲ can evoke the hatching rate todecline and the rate of the deformed individuals to arise at different degrees, and could cause the loach todie. Besides, the EC₅₀of the four developmental phases display that：0.056g/L,0.044g/L,0.039g/L,0.049g/L. It is thus clear that the different phase of the embryo had the different sensitivity.The comprehensive results of the experiment demonstrate that Sudan red Ⅲ is a virulentindustry dye, which has a strong acute toxicity, genetic toxicity, physiological toxicity and has an effect tothe damage of DNA and the level of the expression in RNA. Besides, Sudan red Ⅲ also has an effect ofthe influence on the embryo of the loach. Therefore, we should take the problem caused by Sudan red Ⅲinto consideration and keep a lookout intensely on the pollution of Sudan red Ⅲ in our diet to ensure ourhealthy and safe life preferably.