Study On The Quality Assurance And Control System Of Farm Field Soil Environment

Because the Monitoring of the field soil quality of basic fields involves huge space, long time and large numbers of persons which participated in the research and monitoring. To get the result exactly and comparably, strict Quality Assurance and Quality Control are needed. Otherwise not only miss the exact result and waste a lot of manpower, material and resources but also lead to wrong conclusion and do great harm to the social economy and environment. Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) are important managements and techniques. Quality Assurance is comprehensive Quality Control of the process of the investigation, research and monitoring of the field soil quality of basic fields. It includes all the activities and a series of measures which are taken for obtaining representative, integral, exact and comparable data. The main processes are setting locus, sampling, swatch machining, data processing and result declaring and so on. Quality Control of the field soil quality of basic fields is generally the control method of the analytic process of the field soil specimen including Quality Control inner laboratory and Quality Control among laboratory. For the purpose is to control the monitoring and analytic error in permitted limit, ensure the measuring result exact, make the analytic data in creditable level and reach the quality required. It is an important part of the complete Quality Assurance.Long before Nanjing began to pointing monitoring of the field soil-environment quality of basic fields. Idiographic rules were made for the Quality Assurance and Quality Control of monitoring pointing, sampling, laboratory analysis and had been practiced. Now the main problems and causes of the Monitoring of the field soil-environment quality of basic fields are as follows:(1) The bad comparability of the result of field soil monitoring:From the analysis of the data of field soil monitoring in the past many years, the bad comparability among the data of field soil-pointing monitoring images mainly the big fluctuation of the data. The main reasons might be: I. The field soil is complex and uneven. II. The error comes from sampling and analysis, the different detect methods in different years, the improvement and change of the different detect methods.(2) The heavy metal questions in field soil and production:According to analysis of the many years pointing monitoring, the pertinence of the quantity of heavy metal between field soil and production is bad. The quantity of heavy metal in field soil exceeds the standard of field soil environment, but that in farm produce is low, even lower than that from natural field soil which has normal heavy metal. This causes the monitoring of the agricultural environment unrecognized. The reasons might be: I. The reciprocity and superposing of the multi-factors of heavy metal in field soil cause the bad pertinence, such as the quantity of heavy metal in environment, the different physiologies of crops, different environments(physical and chemical traits of the field soil, climate), different production technique (fertilization, flooding) and so on. II. The measures in the process of the quality analysis of field soil and farm produce are useless, that leads to error of the monitoring and affects the exact conclusion.This article analyzes the origin of the error from 'the research of the pertinence of the quantity of heavy metal between field soil and production' and 'the research of the comparability of the data of the field soil pointing-monitoring'. And bring forward some countermeasures and advices according to the origin of the error...