Atmosphere Pollution Mechanism And Prevention And Management Measures Of The River Valley Town In Shanxi

Since the 20th century, massive agricultural and industrial production activities in Shanxi have brought much pollution and destroy to the environment. At present, Shanxi is the most seriously air polluted province in China and the problem of environment has become the greatest challenge faced by Shanxi. Most cities and towns of Shanxi are located in the area of river valley, and the industrial and agricultural production of the whole province mainly centers in the basin area of river valley; lots of industrial and mining enterprises are even built in the special terrain of river valley. Lingshi County is a very typical river valley town, with east near Tai Yue Mountain, west linking with Lv Liang Mountain, and north-south Fen River across the valley. This county is located in the middle of the river valley area, with lots of mountains surrounded. Besides abundant atmospheric pollution source, the terrain of Shanxi also has bad influence on the forming of pollution.Based on the density of several kinds of main pollutants such as PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO_x of Lingshi County (2003-2007), a typical river valley town in Shanxi, the present study analyzes the space distributing characteristics and time change rules of atmosphere pollutants, and adopts the air pollution index to appraise the air quality of Lingshi County. The relationships between air pollution and other factors including terrain, wind, converse temperature, onflow, atmosphere stabilization degree and precipitation, are mainly analyzed. With a complex terrain, the river valley is mostly surrounded by mountains, over which the air systems are in closed or semi-closed state. Except for greater weather situation, it is quietly windy mostly, and the local circulation is prominent. Over the basin, the development of the converse temperature layer is strong and thick. Mountain breeze and valley wind are alternated regularly, which form obvious local circulation. All these go against the diffusion and transport of the air pollutants. The capacity of atmospheric environment is smaller than that of the plain, so the atmosphere is seriously polluted. Not only the survival and health of local people are directly threatened, but also local economic development is seriously influenced.On the basis of these researches, the current study makes an analysis on the pollutants' diffusion, move, transforming mechanism and air pollution mechanism of Lingshi County, and sets up the air pollution diffusion and prediction model. In addition, some steps and countermeasures are put forward to economically, rationally and effectively improve the air quality and air pollution of river valley type town in Shanxi, aiming to realize the obvious improvement of pollution of cities and towns along the line of Fen River, and the valid protection and reservation of ecological environment.