Study On Index System For Surface Water Environment Security Evaluation And The Corresponding Guarentee Measures

Water is the source of life. Since the 21st Century, with the prosperity of economy and sharply growth of population, water resources could be used by human decreased sharply, the problem of water pollution is more and more serious and the ecosystem of water environment is broken. The problem has already restricted sustainable development and influenced human health. In recent years , improving water environment and assuring sustainable development is put forward on agenda of most countries. Study on water environment security and the guarantee measures is widespread concerned and become a hot point, but currently, the study on water environment security is almost blank in Pukou district Based on the full comprehension of the concept of water environment security, the index system for surface water environment security evaluation was established, appropriate evaluation method is chosen to evaluate Pukou borough's surface water security, and a series of suggestions was put forward to provide some decision basis for water environment protection authoritys.This study put forward water environment security definition and its main factors by analyzing and drawing lessons from domestic and international definitions of water security. On the basis of the definition, an evaluation index system of surface water environment security was established in this paper. Following the scientific, applicable and comprehensive principles, the index system was established according to the "Pressure- State- Response" (PSR) model. The methods of theory analysis, expert consultation, data collection were used to assure each index and their standards. In this paper, each index's calculation method and meaning explanation were all given. At the same time, the evaluation model was also established. It is making use of analytic hierarchy process method and simple index method to calculate water environment security synthetic index. And the security index was divided into five grades—safer, safe, less safe, much less safe, unsafe.According to the index system, evaluation model and statistics data of Pukou district in Nanjing, comprehensive evaluation was work out, result was analyzed and the main problem of surface water in Pukou district was identified as well. The result indicates that Pukou's water environment security belongs to less safe grade, and existing problems such as greater water environment pressure, serious pollution, unreasonable water resources development, low wastewater treatment rate, low water resources circulating rate, unperfect law and management mechanism etc. In the end, combining Pukou's present water environmental protection condition, some suggestions were put forward in aspects of law guarantee means, administration means and technique means in order to help environment protection authoritys to solve the existing water environment problems.