Observe And Rethink The Disaster Public Crisis Management In China Since 1949

The natural disaster happened frequently in China. The various disasters have made serious threat for the people's lives and property and social stability. If the disasters frequently happened are related with geography environment and climate conditions, and the exigencies crisis events caused by the disaster are closely concerned with the government's administration. Man-oriented is the essence and core of the scientific concept of development, public administration must insistent in the viewpoint of man-oriented. The disaster management must insist and carry on man-oriented too. In other words, the government implement the crisis management should take to ensure safety of citizen's lives and property as the primary task of the crisis management. The article takes the man-oriented as the angle view, observe and rethink the disaster management in China since 1949, to disclose the deficiency of every historical stage disaster management. On these bases, the article is going to discuss the implementation of man-oriented in disaster management, and optimize the disaster management measures. Those have great significance to prevent repeat the history of failure, and constructing socialist harmonious society.At beginning ,this article has introduced the definition of disaster,public management and disaster public management, immediately to discuss the essence of the crises management and disaster public crises management, which are the basic theory, but also are the thesis's theory supporting. And then, the thesis has analysis the disaster public management is task for the government. In modern democratic political system, Chinese government is people's government, she's fundamental aim is to serve for the people. Therefore, the government must strengthen the sense of responsibility, to take the protection of people's interests and safety of lives and property as the primary tasks in the disaster public crises management, be prepared for danger in times of peace, efforts to improve our emergency system construction and management level. On the basis of the general overview of the disaster public crises management, through the theoretical analysis and investigation, this article has analysis and rethink the system construction and practical experience of the disaster public crisis management since 1949. Before opening-up policy, China's disaster public crisis management has made great progress at system construction and relief management. However, because of the"left"mistakes are developing steadily, especially during the"cultural revolution", underscoring the class struggle, to raise the political movement, a cult of personality, those stand out political, political in command has profound impact on the reform of our disaster public crisis management before China opening up policy. Disaster management is affected by highly centralized policy-making system and specific political ideological form, to acts as All-around government administration, such as package relief, reject international aid, and do not encourage the contribution, even just demands of the so-called"spiritual support", to repel material assistance. Therefore, under the model of political-guide disaster public management, political command all activity, relief activity neglected the people to a certain extent. After 1978,the party and government work a shift from"the class struggle"for the key to economic construction, the government's management ideology and model also taken an fundamental change. China disaster public crisis management is to more pragmatic, the disaster management guidelines, legal system construction and management methods were in a comprehensive reform and adjustment. At 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, our emergency response, social mobilization participation, the rescue and relief, the disaster news management, international assistance showed a more rational and pragmatic. That also indicate China's disaster public management has taken"people"in a more important position, man-oriented ideal in disaster management got the better carrying out and implemented.Also we achieved great progress in the crisis of our country in disaster management, but we have to see, in every Public crisis of major disaster, there are always much loss of life and property. All of these because of the System is not perfect through China's transition, but the important reason is there are many missing in China's current disaster crisis management, especially failed to implement the people oriented, such as careless about the disaster prevention and the reducing of damages caused by disaster, emergency response and quickly disposed of ability is not high, diversity of participation in the institutional channel is lacked, donated relief mechanism is not a perfect, Crisis news is lacked, after the disaster area are not rigorously normed and mental assistance and so on. So, we must adhere to the value of the concept of man-oriented, protect human lives and properties for disaster management of the departure point, further strengthen the crisis management system and system construction, through improve natural disaster monitoring and warning, the forecast level, enhance disaster emergency response capability; perfect the multi-functional in relief, the co-operative mechanism; improve the social contributions of the management system, sound elaboration of international aid system, strengthen the Crisis of public information management, strengthen the mental health aid after disaster and etc, to improve the crisis of our country in disaster management .