The Research On The Environmental Protection Problems In The Republic Of China

Ecogenesis is base on the theory of society history, which it firstly take society as a biological group, is a special life system in the biosphere of earth, and keep up with ground environment in widely material, energy and message, and is controlled by ecology system all along. So it is not only necessary to study society history using ecogenesis ,but also is possible.The environmental problems, for example ,deforestation and excessive use of land have been existence from the ancientry. Environmental problems have been becoming more and more serious from the beginning of the Republic of China, and even cause the collapsing to modern society. We use ecogenesis to analyse the environmental protection and social development problems ,which can not only break a new path for the study of the Republic of China, but also have great reality use to deal with environment and economic. It"environmental protection"is not only take the trees, birds, rivers and mines for nature environment, but contains sanitation which have greatly related with human life.The forest resource is rich in our country, but in modern era, especially in the Republic of China , foreign powers had used their privileges to establish logging company in forest area for direct wood working and wood plunder in order to get huge profits. Meanwhile, wood was in more demand because other factors ,for example, wood became strategic material in war, usual consumption, firewood consumption ,forestpest and forestfires, etc. Aimed at theses difficult conditions, forestry experts conducted large-scale surveys, formed forestry societies independent of agricultural societies, founded academic journals and published articles in order to preach environmental protection. In the specific era, which everything serves economic revival and country independence, the forestry ideology of the experts took more eyes on the economic efficiency than the ecological benefit of the woods. The government took off many laws, set up many tree stations and nurseries, and even set Arbor Day, which was mostly for the economic efficiency. Although it was heavier on cutting than planting woods in the Republic of China, but the series of policies and laws, the efforts of the forestry experts and the gradual development of the forestry education can appeal that, which the forestry protection ideology was emerging.As a rule, the environmental protection can be described as exploiting and taking advantage of natural resource reasonably, protecting and improving the living environment and the ecological environment, preventing and curing the environmental pollution and destroy, etc. It aims at enjoying good health and cheering spirit, in order to the sustainable use of the resources and the sustainable development of the society. So, the sanitation, which is one of the main point for people's environmental cleanness, is the important part of the environmental protection. The government put more and more attention to road cleaning, WC system, manure disposal, refuse disposal and sewage disposal, etc. The government gradually improved administrative organizations and sanitation in city and rural area. The people's awareness on sanitation also sprouted little by little, and they even took the initiative to expose the behavior of environmental damage. However, the environmental awareness was extremely weak in the war, in spite of the"cleanness"idea running through the"New Life Movement"initiated by Chiang kai-shek, in spite of the efforts that Liang Shu-ming and other intellectuals tried to implement the concept of sanitation and clean into the practice of rural development. The ordinary people's basic survival was still a problem, how can they prattled"cleanness"just like the top intellectuals?Above forestry development during the period, we can research it from the object environmental protection practice in the economic system construction. Both the north-west development waged by the nationalist government of Nanjing and the management in shanxi-gansu-ningxia revolutionary region were aware of dealing with the connection among economic development, resource utilization and environmental protection. In essence, both were the strategic economic system in particular context. The north-west development of the nationalist government was designed to make it as the strategic rear area, take full use of its rich resources to make up for the losses plundered by the Japanese. Therefore, there was a north-west research boom from top to down all over the country before the official development practice, both officials and intellectuals made in-depth study on geographical environment, geological features, climate and resources, etc. and publishes many research reports. But, it was no time to take into account the practical implementation of the basic environmental protection. The shanxi-gansu-ningxia revolutionary region was in difficult for the external heavy blockade and internal low productivity, and obtaining the original natural resources was its only choice. Although the leaders and the scholars were aware of the water and soil conservation function of forest, and enacted laws and regulations to protect forests, and tried to exploit the mineral resources reasonably, these were only for the continual plunder, but for the real environmental protection.The environmental protection was all-embracing, this thesis can only analysis roughly a small part. In fact, the environmental protection is profound insight into the relationship among the natural, social and economic until the development of human civilization to a certain degree. From this perspective, we should not demand the people who was confronting their homes destroyed by the Japanese to talk about protecting the environment. But in contemporary society, we must get rid of the traditional mode of production extorting from nature completely. We must carefully handle the relations among environment, society and economic, in order to maintain sustainable development.