Research On Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior And Influencing Factors Of Parents' Child Vaccination Service

BackgroundSince1978, planned children immunization was established and developed according to the epidemic monitoring and the crowd immune status analysis, the crowd immune level was effectively improved and the immune barrier was set up to control and even eliminate the target diseases. In1999, the children immunization was expanded to immunization program, and more and newer vaccines were used to prevent diseases to further reduce the health hazard from diseases, the infectious diseases that once seriously influenced human health had been effectively controlled. In2007,15kinds of infectious diseases including hepatitis A and the ECM, which can be effectively prevented through vaccination, were taken into the national immunization program through expandedprogramme on immunization. Along with the continuous development of immune vaccination and the increase of vaccination types and needle times, cases of adverse reactions after vaccination are also increasing. Vaccine safety and efficacy was also questioned by the public more and more. Because the parents act a very important role in immunization work, their knowledge on the immunization program directly influence the enthusiasm for acceptance of immunization service, but also directly affect the children vaccination rate. The attitude of high education degree parents to immunization program sometimes will have a huge impact on national immunization policy. While, currently none survey has been carried out to investigate KAP awareness of these highly educated groups to the immunization program and impact factors. The objective of this research was to investigate the awareness of knowledge, attitude and practice of this crowd on immunization program, to explore the effective propaganda and dissemination methods, and to provide scientific basis for future developing strategies for targeted propagation, intervention and risk communication.Objective1. To analyze the KAP and impact factors of the highly educated parents to immunization services2. To research the trust degree of parents with high education to immunization programs and the resource of credible information3. To investigate how parents with highly educated to decide to use free vaccine or charges vaccineMethodThe highly educated parents, whose children were born after January2005in Beijing or lived in Beijing for three months and took their child to vaccination clinics for vaccination from July2011to August2011, were surveyed face to face.Results1The awareness of parents with highly educated on vaccination:The result of scoring the10vaccination associated questions listed in the questionnaire showed that the highest score was9, the lowest score was2, median score was6, the interquartilerange was2. There’s no significant difference between scores of fathers and mothers and among parents with different education levels. The median score and interquartile range of the medical professionals and non-medical professionals were respectively6and1,6and2, there’s significant difference between the scores of the two population.2The attitude and practice of parents with highly education on child vaccination services 99.8%of parents considered that vaccination had a certain effect on children and could prevent the spreading of diseases, and50.3%of the parents took their children to vaccination totally according to the appointment,49.0%of the parents took their children to vaccination according to the appointment at most time.73.2%of the parents who did not took their children to vaccinate at the appointed time because the child got illness at that time.61.7%of the children who were at the age for the measles supplementary immunization took the supplementary immunization,66%of the children who didn’t take the supplementary immunization because they had immunized as the planned procedure before. Among the immunization-age children,82.1%, whose parents had medical background, got supplementary immunization of measles, and59.2%, whose parents had non-medical background, got supplementary immunization of measles, there’s significant difference between them.80.4%of parents concerned about the safety of the vaccine,32.2%of them concerned about vaccine side effects,27.4%of them focused on the effectiveness of the vaccine.46.8%of the parents believed that both the free vaccine and the charges vaccine were safe,13.4%of the parents thought that the free vaccine was more safe than the charges vaccine, only7.5%of the parents thought that the charges vaccine was more safe than the free vaccine, and32.1%of the parents could not tell which was more secure. When There’s substitute of charges vaccines for free vaccines,52.2%of parents would like to choose the charges vaccines in sometime,34.6%of the parents would select the free vaccines, only13.3%would directly select the charges vaccines. It’s not the medical background but family income affects the choice of charge vaccine or free vaccines. There were79.9%surveyed parents heard of vaccine safety events, and46.5%of them said they would not be affected and would take their children to vaccination according to the appointment time,43.2%of the parents said that they would be affected, and would take their children to be vaccinated at other time but not the appointed time,10.3%of parents said that they would be affected, and they would not believe such a vaccine again. The proportion of the parents with medical background were respectively60.4%,33%and6.6%, and those of non-medical background parents were respectively44.0%,45.0%and11.0%, there’s statistically significant difference between the two population.3Acquisition of parents on children vaccination-related knowledge in: There were50.5%of surveyed parents would often take active action to get the information on children vaccination. The main ways they acquired knowledge of vaccine were from vaccination doctors (76.1%), internet (50.2%), communication with other children’ parents(47%) and from pediatrician (42.7%). When they had questions about vaccination,71.3%of parents would consult the doctors of the vaccination clinics,43.2%of parents would go to internet to search related contents,39.9%of parents would go to the pediatrician for consultation,36.7%of parents would consult friends that with medical educated background, only6.3%of parents would call the12320hotline for consultation. The websites, on which parents access to get the vaccination knowledge, mainly included of websites of the centers for disease control and prevention (44.5%), Ministry of Health (42.7%), Sina(26.2%), etc.Conclusion199.8%of highly educated parents considered that vaccination is beneficial to children’s health.2Although the parents with higher educated, but not higher on knowledge of children immunization knowledge. Medical background was an impact factor of awareness on vaccination knowledge for parents.3The internet, next to vaccination doctor, became the second way to obtain the knowledge of children vaccination for parents. 4The safety of the vaccine was the most concerned question by parents with high education5The negative information about vaccines had less impact on parents with medical background.6The participation rate of parents with medical background (82.1%) was significantly higher than that of parents without medical background (59.2%).7Whether with medical background or not, parents were rational in choosing charge vaccine or free vaccine. Total household income was a factor to affect the selection of free vaccine or charge vaccine...