Optical Coherence Tomography Of Mcaular After Cataract Phacoemulsification Of Cases Prone To Macular Edema

Macular edema is a known complication of cataract extraction, as well as a common cause of visual loss.Its incidence relates to the fundus of the patient, the type of cataract surgery ,the duration of the surgery,the inflammation of postoperation and the operation complication.Though phacoenulsification has the advantages of small incision,light demage and quick rehabilitation,macular edema may still happen,especially the patients who have diabetic mellitus ,high myopia or uveitis.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new diagnosic instrument in recent years .It can provide cross-sectional image of macular in vivo and quantify macular thickness variation with the precision of 10 μ m.It is also more objective and reproduciblethan the others.For these reasons, OCT may be one of the best choices to investigate macular changes after cataract surgery.In this study, we use Germany Zeiss-Humphery OCT to analysis macular changes at lw,4w, 8w and 12w after uneventful phacoemulsification of patients with diabeticmellituSjhigh myopia or uveitis. 33 eyes of 24 cases are enrolled .The results are following:l.At Iw postoperatively, 7 eyes' best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) is from 0.25 to 0.5,and 26 eyes' BCVA is in the range of 0.6 to 1.0. While 3m postoperatively ,the number is 5 and 28.2. The meanD of all 50 normal measurements of central foveal is 151.5 + 11.1 μ m . Central foveal thickness was considered abnormal when it was greater than 185um. In 3months postoperatively, 13 eyes' foveal(43.3%) appear abnormally thicked,and ITeyes (56.7%) remain foveal contour.There are 3 eyes always remain macular edema from Iw to 12w. At 3 months ,there are still 8 eyes appear foveal thicking. the central foveal thickness of cases who are prone to macular edema increases after phacoemulsification, which has significent difference with general patients at every weeks and still last three months.3. The central foveal thickness of the patients who are prone to macular edema increased significantly compared with ordinary patients. The incidence of macular edema has also significant difference with the common patients. The macular edema extincted slowly.4. At all stages linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the mean macular fovealthickness and the visual acuity. The relationship is 0.46→ 0.52 (P<0.01) .5.Retinal map of normal macular shows vally contour which is thin at the center and thick at peripheral. After surgery ,the thin center foveal inclined to thicking and at last recovered gradually.To sum up macular thickness increases after phacoemusification especially those of diabetes mellitus ,high myopia and uveritis.Optical coherence tomography can investigate macular changes perfertly after cataract extraction with high-resuloted and better reproducibility to provide important evedience to early clinical diagnosis and treatment.