| Objective: The present study was conducted to explore the distributing characteristics and influencing factors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in urban schoolchildren, to correct bad lifestyles and behaviors in children and to propose healthy measures of guidance. The study can offer the scientific basis for eliminating cardiovascular disease risk factors of schoolchildren and protecting children from cardiovascular diseases, and for a cohort study on cardiovascular disease risk factors of schoolchildren in the rural and urban areas.Methods: 913 schoolchildren of 7~13 years old were chosen randomly among Shijiazhuang city (boys 426 and girls 487) by multi-stage sampling. Blood pressure, height and weight were measured. Fasting blood serum was collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting serum glucose and blood calcium. Overweight and obesity were evaluated by calculating body mass index (BMI). The children's habits, dietary status, behavior way, personality and family history were obtained by offering and collecting questionnaires for each child. All statistical analyses were performed by statistical product and service solution (SPSS) software, version 11.5. Means and deviation were used to analyze the distribution of blood pressure, blood lipids among different age-sex children. Prevalence rate of abnormal blood pressure, abnormal blood lipids, overweight and obesity in children were calculated according to criteria used in China and other countries. Difference of blood pressure, blood lipids and different BMI groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), multiple comparisons using q test (SNK law). Sex difference in the same age was analyzed with t test. The difference of all indexes between boys and girls was compared by covariance analysis adjusting ages. Comparisons of prevalence rate for each index between different sexes were analyzed with Chi-square test (x2 test). Influencing factors about blood pressure and blood lipids were analyzed with simple correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient for measurement data and Spearman correlation coefficient for ranked data) and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Confounding factors and multiple line questions were also considered. Influencing factors about overweight and obesity were analyzed with single and multiple Logistic regressions. The odds ratio (OR) of each of these factors for overweight and obesity were calculated. Results: The schoolchild blood pressures approached normal distribution and increased with age increasing. There were significant differences among age groups for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Except that SBP of boys in 13 years old was significantly higher than that of girls, no sex differences were observed among other age groups. After adjusting the age, there was no significant difference between the boys and girls for SBP and DBP. Means and 95% reference ranges of SBP and DBP were 106(80,133) mmHg and 66(46,86) mmHg respectively. Prevalence rate of abnormal blood pressure was 12.4% in total schoolchildren, and the rate of boys was higher than that of girls. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that BMI, age, serum glucose, family history of parents' hypertension and HDL-C had significant effects on SBP, while age, BMI and family history of parents' hypertension had significant effects on DBP.TC, TG and HDL-C of schoolchildren approached normal distribution. TC, HDL-C showed a tendency to drop with age increasing, but it was not obvious for TG to change with age increasing. There was no significant difference for TG among age groups; there was significant difference for TC and HDL-C among age groups. Except that girl's TG of 9 years old was significantly higher than boy's, there were no sex differences among other age groups. After adjusting the age, there was no significant difference for TC and HDL-C between boys and girls. But TG in girls was significantly hi...
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