| Objective: This study was conducted to explore the characteristic of fasting serum glucose (FSG) and the relationships of FSG to other influential factors, and to provide scientific basis for reducing and eliminating cardiovascular risk factors and for preventing diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular diseases during childhood. Methods: Height, Weight, blood pressure (BP) were measured among 1920 children (1007 in rural and 913 in urban) aged 7~13 years old. Fasting serum glucose (FSG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood calcium were determined with the 12-14 hours fasting blood serum. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated with formula: BMI= weight (kg)/ height2 (m2). The dietary habits, lifestyle, frequency of exercises in children and the family history of diabetes mellitus were obtained by a questionnaire with 227 items. Prevalence of the abnormal FSG were calculated respectively with criteria suggested by American Diabetes Association in 1997 and with the upper limit of 95% reference range for FSG from this study. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 11.5. Means(), standard deviation(s) were used to describe the characteristics of FSG. Differences of FSG in sex-age groups were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The difference of FSG between boys and girls was compared by covariance analysis adjusting age. Prevalence rates of FSG were compared by Chi-square test between the children with obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal serum lipids and low blood calcium and the children without those factors. Pearson correlation coefficients, Spearman correlation coefficients and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to assess the relationship of FSG to the other indexes. The odds ratio (OR) of different risk factors for higher FSG was calculated. Results: The data from urban and rural areas were merged because no significant difference of FSG was observed between two areas (adjusting age and sex). The level of fasting serum glucose was similar to normal distribution. The mean in total and 95% reference range for FSG was 4.95(3.73~6.17) mmol/L, including 5.00(3.80~6.20) mmol/L in boys and 4.90(3.65~6.15) mmol/L in girls. The level of FSG was increased with age, and increased rapidly at 12 ages in boys and 11 ages in girls. FSG increased significantly earlier in girls than in boys. The FSG in girls were higher than in boys only in the 11 years old. Significant differences of FSG were observed among the different-aged children (P<0.05), including 8 and 9 years old being significant differences compared with 11,12 and 13 years old, and 7 years old being significant differences compared with 10,11,and 12 years old. Different of FSG was significant between boys and girls (adjusting age) (P<0.01). Prevalence of the abnormal FSG in total was 2.42%, including 2.65% in boys and 2.19% in girls according to the criteria of American. The prevalence in total was 1.98% (2.10% in boys and 2.19% in girls) using the upper limit of 95% reference range for FSG from present study. The prevalence rates calculated by criteria of USA were higher than those of this study (P<0.01). But there were no significant differences for the Prevalence of abnormal FSG between boys and girls (P>0.05). FSG had positive correlation with age, BMI, SBP, DBP, TC, HDL-C, blood calcium, etc (P<0.01, P<0.05), and negative with HDL-c, Sex, frequency of exercises etc (P<0.01, P<0.05). The results of multiple stepwise regression suggested that the factors influencing FSG in schoolchildren were age, BMI, SBP, TC, income per month, HDL-C, sex, frequency of exercises and sweet food intake. In addition, we could not observed the influence of the family history of diabetes mellitus on FSG in schoolchildren.Analysis of risk factors showed that the odds ratio of higher SBP, higher TC, and lower HDL-C for higher FSG were 3.04, 4.04 and 1.94 respectively. The odds ratios of excessive intake for sweet food, lower frequency of exercises and high income...
|
PDF Full Text Request