| Aquaporins(AQPs) are water-selective channels that exist in mammal cell membranes . They play important roles in water transportation across the biological membranes . The discovery of AQP1 expounds the basic mechanism of water transportation arcoss the biological membranes on molecule level . At present , human has discovered ten kinds of AQPs which distribute widely in tissue cells of mammalian bodies . Each kind has its own particular tissue distribution . They participate in water absorption and secretion in individual parts of tissue cells . Because of the AQPs'importances in life activities,the discovery and research of AQPs have become the hot pot in biology . From the recent few years, many AQPs 'distribution and physiological function have been established in urinic, respiratory and digestive systems through biological and physiological experiments . The researches of physiological and physiopathologic changes of AQPs and the relationship with heredity and metabolism disease will have important significances . Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is the earliest kind of AQPs discovered by human . The report of expression and distribution of AQP1 in the human placenta and fetal membranes have not been found in our country , and there are only very few relevant reports in the world . As everybody knows that approximate 400ml water is transported across the fetal membranes on a daily basis. The importance of the fetal membranes that facilitate water transport has been continually demonstrated in ovine and primate studies . AT the present time , AQP1 has been found that it is important in osmotic water movement across membranes placenta and feral . AQP1 may promote the water movement from the amniotic cavity across the placenta into the fetal circulation. The changing structure and function of AQP1 may be the pathogenic factors which cause amniotic fluid volumedisorder . Both polyhydramnio and oligohydramnio can give the mother and her fetus serious damages. In order to find out the pathogenesis and prove the obstetrical qualities, this paper probes into the AQP1 expression and distribution in human placenta and fetal membranes ; it also explores the relevance between different intensities of staining of AQP1 and amniotic fluid volume disorder . Aims: To explore the expression and distribution of Aquaporin(AQP1) in human placenta and fetal membranes and to study its function in the human's amniotic fluid circulation, And to determine and analyze if the different intensities of AQP1 will cause amniotic fluid volume disorder . Method: The researching cases are 35 pregnant woman patients of obstetrical department of the Fourth affiliated hospital of Jilin University . The range of their ages is from 23 to 34 years old. The gestation of the pregnant women is between 37and 41 weeks. They are divided into three groups: 15cases of normal pregnancy,11cases of polyhydramnios, and 9 cases of oligohydramnios. The standard of amniotic fluid volumes of abmormality: Use B ultrasonic to determine the amnio fluid index (AFI): AFI>18cm is deemed polyhydramnion; AFI≤8cm is deemed oligohydramnion ; AFI:8~18cm is deemed normal pregnancy. Human placenta and fetal membranes were obtained from elective cesarean sections within 30minutes after delivery. Tissue samples use 4% paraformaldehyde to fixion, paraffin wax to embed and slice up continually . Use the immunohistochemistry technique to check the distributions and intensity expressions. All the pregnant women have no histories of taking medicine. Use the immunohistochemistry technique to research AQP1 's locations. According to the differences of the expressing intensities of AQP1 , the experiment tries to infer the relevance between the abnormality of amniotic fluid volume and AQP1 . 1. The expression and distribution of Aquaporin(AQP1) in human placenta and fetal membranesUse Rabbit Anti-Aquaporinl as the antibody ,and Tre-immune serum to substitute , The whole staining technique and process is carried on following the guided operating procedure of SABC agent's manual . Results showed that, both epithelial cells of human's chorionic plate and fetal membranes have AQP1 expressions. AQP1 is mainly expressed in lateral membranes and basilar membranes of epithelial cells of fetal membranes. The two locations have no obvious differences of intensity expressions of AQP1 . There is no AQP1's expression in Tre-immune serum. 2. The expression and distribution of Aquaporin(AQP1) in human placenta and fetal membranes of amniotic fluid volume disorder. According to the expressing intensities of AQP1 considered in abnormal amniotic fluid volume , results showed that: main expression and distribution of AQP1 are in human placenta and fetal membranes. The intensities of staining in fetal membranes have no obvious qualitative... |
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