Expression Of Ki67 Bcl-2 Bax P53 In Giant Cell Tumor Of Bone And Their Relationship With Tumor Prognosis

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone, derived from mesodermic cell, consists mostly of multinucleated giant cells and ground substance cells. In addition, it is generally accepted that ground substance cell is the main part of GCT. The incidence of GCT of bone is about 10-15% in China, high than 5~8% in western countries. Surgery is the most important treatment for GCT of bone, which is a invasive and potentially malignant tumor. However, the postoperative recurrence is still very high. It is hard to prognoses this disease according to the current standard pathohistological classification. For example, some patients who were considered with benign tumor using this classification usually develop local recurrence or even lung metastasis. In this case,some scholars called GCT of bone an "unpredictive" tumor. So how to precisely predict the biological behavior of the tumor and how to select the proper therapy to reduce the recurrence are always key points concerned by clinician and pathologist. In this research, the expression of p53, Ki-67, bcl-2 and bax is investigated and expected to find an effective way in evaluating the biological behavior and the prognosis of GCT of bone.Objective: To investigate the expression of p53, Ki-67, Bcl-2 and Bax in Giant cell tumor of bone and the relation between the expression and biological behavior of the tumor. Method: Forty one patients with Giant cell tumor which followed in 2-6years were treated with curettage, devitalization and bone cement filling. They were divided into relapse and unrelapse. The samples of tumors were sectioned in paraffin and observed their expression of p53, Ki-67, bcl-2 and bax using SP immunohistochemistry technique. Results: The expression of Bcl-2 and Ki-67 were significantly higher in recurrence group than no-recurrence group. However, there was no significant difference of the expression of Bax and p53 between the two groups. Conclusions: Gene p53, Ki-67, Bcl-2, and Bax play important roles in the generation and development of Giant cell tumor and the escape from cell apoptosis. Despite ofdifferent surgical techniques, the measurement of Bcl-2 and Ki-67 may be an effective way in evaluating the biological behavior and the prognosis of Giant cell tumor of bone.