| Objective: To investigate the prevalence and certain impact factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among 6 to 18-year-old students in Changchun and to investigate the prevalence of problems of behavior among children with ADHD .Background: ADHD is one of the most common childhood-onset neurobehavioral disorders. The core symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Children with ADHD may experience significant functional problems, such as school difficulties, academic underachievement. ADHD has been recognized as one of the most common chronic health problems, and a good many epidemiological surveys of ADHD have been conducted. The prevalence rate of ADHD reported by foreign countries is 0.09%～26%, and in our country is 1.3%～14.09%. The main reason of the inconsistent prevalence is the difference of method and diagnostic criteria. Meanwhile, there are few articles about the prevalence of ADHD in the northeast of China. There are few articles which discuss problems of behavior of children with ADHD. We carried out this survey in Changchun to investigate the prevalence and certain impact factors of ADHD and to investigate the prevalence of problems of behavior among children with ADHD. In order that other countries recognize the result, We adopt Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and Conners Teacher Rating Scale (TRS) which are recommended by evidence-based medicine and American Academy of Pediatrics.Methods: From December 5th 2006,to March 3rd 2007, 7 612 students in Changchun were selected by means of cluster random sampling. Except 29 Students below 6 years old and 458 national minority students, 7 289 students aged 6～18 years old were selected as the research object. The pre-investigation were carried before the formal. The PSQ and TRS were selected as tool. The teachers, who were in charge of a class, were told the knowledge about ADHD and the meanings, contents and the method of filling the inventory in different district collectively. Then the teachers explained the contents and the method of filling the inventory to the parents. TRS were filled by teachers and PSQ were filled by parents. The inventories were taken back by the teachers after 3 to 5 days. The data was input by EpiData, and was analyzed by SAS 6.12.Result:①Totally 7 289 PSQ and 7 289 TRS were taken back, 7 131 inventories (PSQ) and 7 117 inventories (TRS), completed in content, were involved in the statistical analysis.②By PSQ the prevalence of ADHD is 1.01%, and the ratio male (0.63%) to female (1.37%) is 0.46 to 1.There is significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between different gender groups. The prevalence of ADHD in the 6 to 8,8 to 11, 11 to 14, 14 to 18-year-old groups are 1.44%, 0.82%, 0.84% and 0.97% respectively. There is no significant difference in prevalence of ADHD among different age groups.③The proportion of learning problem, conduct problem ,mind-body problem, impulse-hyperactivity problem, anxiety is 78%,61%, 61%,35%,15% respectively. There is significant difference in proportion of impulse-hyperactivity problem, mind-body problem, and anxiety between different gender groups among students with ADHD. The proportion of impulse-hyperactivity problem and anxiety problem of male patients is higher than that of female patients. The proportion of mind-body problem of female patients is higher than that of male patients. There is no significant difference in proportion of learning problem and conduct problem between different gender groups among students with ADHD. The proportion of learning problem and conduct problem are highest in all problems of behavior among all age groups. There is no significant difference in prevalence of every problem of behavior among different age groups. The proportion of learning problem is highest in all problems of behavior among different age groups. In 6 to 8-year-old group the proportion of conduct problem is higher than that of mind-body problem. In 8 to 11-year-old group the proportion of mind-body problem group is a little higher than that of conduct problem. The proportion of mind-body problem is highest besides learning problem in 11 to 18-year-old group.④By TRS the prevalence of ADHD is 2.18%, and the ratio male (1.03%) to female (3.27%) is 0.32 to 1. There is significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between different gender groups. The prevalence of ADHD in the 6 to 8,8 to 11, 11 to 14, 14 to 18-year-old groups are 1.21%, 0.80%, 5.31% and 0.56% respectively. There is significant difference in prevalence of ADHD among different age groups.⑤By TRS, the proportion of conduct problem, hyperactivity problem and inattention-passive problem is 83%, 52%, 31% respectively. There is significant difference in proportion of every problem between different gender groups among students with ADHD. The proportion of conduct problem of male patients is higher than that of female patients. The proportion of inattention-passive problem and hyperactivity problem of female patients is higher than that of male patients. The proportion of conduct problem is highest in all problem of behavior in both gender groups. There is significant difference in proportion of inattention-passive problem among different age groups. The proportion of inattention-passive problem in 8 to 11-year-old is higher than that in 6 to 8, 11 to 18-year-old groups. There is no significant difference in proportion of conduct problem and hyperactivity group among different age groups. The proportion of conduct problem is also highest in all problem of behavior among different age groups.Conclusion:①By PSQ the prevalence of ADHD is 1.01%, and the ratio male to female is 0.46 to 1. The prevalence of ADHD is highest in 6 to 8-year-old group.②T he proportion of impulse-hyperactivity problem and anxiety of male patients is higher than that of female patients. The proportion of mind-body problem of female patients is higher than male patients. The proportion of learning problem is highest in all problem of behavior between different gender groups. The proportion of learning problem is also highest in all problem of behavior among different age groups.③By TRS the prevalence of ADHD is 2.18%, and the ratio male to female is 0.32 to 1. The prevalence of ADHD is highest in 11 to 14-year-old group.④T here is significant difference in proportion of every problem between different gender groups. The proportion of conduct problem of male patients is higher than that of female patients. The proportion of hyperactivity problem and inattention-passive problem of female patients is higher than that of male patients. The proportion of conduct problem is highest in all problem of behavior between different gender groups. The prevalence of inattention-passive problem in 8 to 11-year-old group is higher than that in 6 to 8, 11 to 18-year-old groups. The proportion of conduct problem is also highest in all problem of behavior among different age groups.
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