The Study Of Psychological Intervention To The Emotion, Coping Style And Physiological Reaction Of Bronchial Asthma Patients

Bronchial asthma is a psychosomatic disease closely related with social-psychological factors.It severely harms human's health.The occurrence and development of asthma is affected by many factors,such as emotions,the psychological status of patients,the stimulations of surroundings and social activities.Large numbers of studies have proved the relationship between asthma and psychological factors.The social-psychological factors relate closely with the occurrence,development,return and prognosis of asthma.On the other hand,asthma can lead to negative emotions,psychological problems and physiological reactions in asthma patients,thus affect the social functions of patients.These problems in return worsen patients' mental and physical conditions,and result in a vicious cycle.Psychological intervention is a process which exerts effects on a subject's psychological activities,individual characteristic or psychological problems under the guidance of psychological theories to make them change to the anticipated directions. Studies abroad suggest that the psychological intervention can not only improve emotions and psychological functions,but also regulate physiological functions of asthma patients.But these studies conclude diversely due to the applications of different intervention methods and different observation indexes.The present study observes the influences of the psychological intervention on asthma patients' emotions,psychological status,coping style and nerve-endocrine reaction.The purposes of the project are:(1) To set up a psychological intervention method suitable for asthma patients.(2) To explore the negative emotions and psychology of asthma patients,and to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychological intervention.(3) To study the effects of the psychological intervention on the stress physiological reaction of asthma patients.Sixty clinic asthma patients were randomly divided into intervention and nonintervention groups.Thirty normal people attended the study as comparison group. We used SDS,SAS,TCSQ,SCL-90 psychological evaluation charts to study the subjects.Two groups of patients were tested once before and once after the intervention.BD-Ⅱ-603 digital skin resistance meter was used to measure the electric skin resistance.Two groups of patients were tested once before and once after the intervention.The salivary of the patients in the two groups was collected once before and once after the intervention.We used radioactive immunology to analyze the content of cortisol in patients' salivary,and use iodine-starch colorimetry to examine the activeness ofα-ptyalin of salivary.The results show that:The scores of depression,anxiety,negative coping, SCL-90 and the six factors(somzatization,human relationship,depression,anxiety, opposition,terror) of patients are noticeably higher than that of the comparison group. Meanwhile,the scores of positive coping are clearly lower than that of the comparison group.After the intervention,the scores of depression mood,anxiety, negative coping,SCL-90 and the six factors of the patients in intervention group are significantly lower than before the intervention,and the scores of positive coping after the intervention are obviously higher than before the intervention.The scores of depression,anxiety,negative coping,SCL-90 and the four factors(somzatization, depression,anxiety,terror) of the patients in intervention group after the intervention are significantly lower than that of the patients in nonintervention group.The scores of positive coping of the patients in intervention group are notably higher than that of the patients in nonintervention group.Only the scores of human relationship and opposition of the patients in nonintervention group after the intervention are lower than that before the intervention.The influences on tension of consensual nerve are significant.Before the intervention,the values of the electric skin resistance of the two groups of patients are lower than that of comparison group.After the intervention the values of the electric skin resistance of the patients in intervention group notably raised comparing with that before the intervention.The electric skin resistance values of the patients in intervention group after the intervention are higher than that of the patients in nonintervention group.The influences on the content of cortisol and the activeness ofα-ptyalin in patients' salivary are also obvious.The content of cortisol and the activeness ofα-ptyalin of the patients are higher than that of the normal people before the intervention.After the intervention the content of cortisol and the activeness ofα-ptyalin of the patients in intervention group lowered obviously comparing with that before the intervention.After the intervention the content of cortisol and the activeness ofα-ptyalin of the patients in intervention group are significantly lower than that of the patients in nonintervention group.The conclusion of the study are:There are extensive emotional,psychological problems and physiological stress reactions in patients group,mainly showing they have high scores in depression,anxiety,somzatization,human relationship tension, opposition,terror,hyperactivity of the consensual nerve and excessive secretion of stress hormone in asthma patients.This study established a psychological intervention method suitable for bronchial asthma,including knowledge and healthy education of psychosomatic diseases,progressive relaxation training and individual psychological coaching.The study shows that psychology intervention can obviously relieve depression and anxiety of asthma patients,improve the psychology of somzatization, human relationship tension,opposition,terror,improve the coping style notably.The psychological intervention can also reduce the excitability of the consensual nerve, stabilize the HPA axis,restrain the neuromodulatory locus coeruleus-noreinephrine system,effectively prevent the vicious cycle of asthma,and reduce the level of the stress reactions.So we conclude that psychological intervention can lessen the negative psychological reactions of the asthma patients,regulate the functional disorders of the independent nerve,and promote the stability of the internal body.