| Bronchial asthma is a kind of psychosomatic disease in which the airway occasionally constricts, becomes inflamed, and is lined with excessive amounts of mucus, often in response to one or more triggers. It is influenced by many factors, such as the psychological status of patients, the stimulations of surroundings and social activities.Large numbers of studies have confirmed the relationship between asthma and psychological factors. For one thing, the society-psychology factors can influence the occurrence, development and prognosis of asthma. For another, asthma can also lead to a series of unhealthy emotion and psychological problems in asthma patients, then affect the patients' social functions. So we should attach more importance to the patients' unhealthy emotion and psychological problems to sustain asthma's treatment.Quality of life (QOL) is a relative concept with span of life (life-span). Due to the advancement of living-standard and development of modem medicine, the life expectancy has increased, but as an organism, the increasing of human-beings' ages is limited. Along with the augment of the elderly's scale in society, the iatric emphases of diseases get to focus on the development of QOL. The evaluation of quality of life can reflect the status of asthma patients across-the-board, so investigators commence to pay more attentions to the movement of QOL of asthma patients.The study focuses on the status of asthma patients' emotion and psychology and QOL, The followings are the purposes of the project: (1) To explore the status of emotions and psychology of asthma patients from a series of points and to find the influencing factors, offering advices to psychological intervention of asthma patients. (2) To explore the influencing factors of asthma knowledge and cognitive concepts, and the relationships between asthma knowledge, cognitive concepts and the status of emotion, psychology in asthma patients. (3) To analyze the influencing factors of QOL systematically, then indicate ways to improve the QOL of asthma patients.It is a cross-sectional study, and we use AQLQ IDA PANAS SES SQ and self-designed questionnaires to investigate 51 asthma patients of Qilu Hospital and Jinan Central Hospital and 40 normal people.The results showed that:1. The status of emotion and psychology of asthma patients and its' influencing factors(1) The scores of depression mood and negative affect of patients were higher than that of the normal people (P<0.05, 0.01) . The scores of self-esteem and social safety-sense were lower than that of the normal people, and the scores of emotional loneliness were lower than that of the normal people (P<0.05) .(2) The scores of depression mood of female, physical-work, country patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.01) . The scores of negative affect of country, self-paying patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01, 0.05 ). The scores of self-esteem of mental-work, city patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01, 0.05) . The scores of emotional loneliness of female patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01). The scores of social safety-sense of mental-work, city patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.05) .(3) The scores of depression of patients were negatively correlated with family-earnings, FEV1, and positively correlated with the course of disease (P<0.05). The scores of negative affect were positively correlated with the course of disease(P<0.01 ) . The scores of self-esteem were positively correlated with the family-earnings and the degree of education (P<0.01,0.05) . The scores of social safety-sense were positively correlated with the degree of education and FEV1 (P<0.05) .2. The influencing factors of asthma knowledge and cognitive concepts of asthma patients and correlative analysis with the status of emotion and psychology.(1) The scores of asthma knowledge of male, mental-work, city patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01, 0.01, 0.05) . The scores of negatively cognition of country, physical-work patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01, 0.05) .(2) The scores of asthma knowledge of patients were positively correlated with the degree of education and course of disease (P<0.05,0.01) . The scores of positively cognitive concept were positively correlated with FEV1 (P<0.05) . The scores of negatively cognitive concept were positively correlated with the course of disease(P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with the degree of education (P<0.01) .(3) The scores of depression of patients were negatively correlated with asthma knowledge, positively cognitive concept, and negatively correlated with positively correlated with negatively cognitive concept (P<0.05) . The scores of negative affect were significantly positively correlated with the negatively cognitive concept(P<0.01) . The scores of self-esteem were positively correlated with the positively cognitive concept (P<0.05) . The scores of emotional loneliness were positively correlated with negatively cognitive concept (P<0.05) .3. Analysis and regression of influencing factors of QOL in asthma patients(1) The scores of QOL of male, mental-work, city, social-paying patients were higher than that of the other patients (P<0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.05) .(2) The scores of QOL of patients were positively correlated with the degree of education, family earnings and FEV1 (P<0.05,0.01,0.05 ) .(3) The scores of QOL of patients were negatively correlated with depression, internal irritation and negative affect (P<0.01,0.05,0.01) , and positively correlated with positive affect and self-esteem (P<0.05) .(4) The scores of QOL of patients were negatively correlated with negatively cognitive concept, and positively correlated with asthma knowledge (P<0.05 ) .(5) Multivariate adaptive regression showed that the determinant factors of QOL of asthma patients were negative affect and depression.The conclusion of the study:1. There are depressively and negatively emotional problems along with inferiority, loneliness, and being short of social safety-sense in asthma patients. The degree of emotional and psychological problems of female, physical, country and self-paying patients are severer than that of the other patients. Low degree of education, family earnings and FEV1 leads to severity of emotional and psychological problems.2. Male, mental-work, city patients have more asthma knowledge than the other patients. Country, physical-work patients have more negatively cognition than the other patients. Asthma knowledge and cognitive concepts are correlated with degree of education, course of disease and FEV1.Severities of emotional and psychological problems are negatively correlated with asthma knowledge, positively cogmtive concept, and positively correlated with negatively cognitive concept.3. QOL of asthma patients are correlated with emotional and psychological problems, asthma knowledge and cognitive concepts. QOL of male, mental-work, city, social-paying patients were higher than that of the other patients. High degree of education, family earnings and FEV1 leads to high QOL. QOL of patients with healthy emotion and psychology are higher than that of the other patients. Negative affect and depressive mood are the determinant factors in all factors.4. Psychological interventions should be reinforced, and the asthma patients should gain more asthma knowledge and strengthen positively cognitive concepts to boost healthy behaviors and improve QOL. Treatments and interventions should be performed with pertinence and emphasis.
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