Analysis Of Factors Influencing On Senile Hypertension And Diabetes And Complications

Hypertension was the most common disease of cardiovasculares. There were a height damaged and death rate in the complications of coronary heart, cerebrovascular, renal failure. Now it had been a main death cause in Chinese. In recent years, The live method had been improved gradually. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was rised. The complication of senile diabetes mellitus had been a main death and injure cause and was a high medical expenses. To control senile hypertension and diabetes mellitus, To reduce their complications, To protect senile-health, It was important to control and prevent the effect factors of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.Objective:To investigate the prevalence and the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension at GaoXin residential block in Taiyuan city, the risk factors of blood pressure, blood glucose and diabetes complications for senile patients in 60-95 years old be extractedMethods:1. The cluster sampling method was employed in the cross-sectional survey study from December 2007 to February 2009. The sample size was 2439 persons. In this study, The method of the data acquisition included both on-scene investigation and telephone survey. The survey covered a general situation, including hypertension and diabetic family-history, cardiovascular disease family history, symptom and physical signs, body mass index(BMI), blood-pressure, blood-glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein(LDL), diet, exercise, drugs, and so on.2.307 patients with hypertension were identified among 60-95 years old residents. The prevalence, the awareness, the treatment and the control rate of hypertension were counted. The possible risk factors of hypertension were surveyed, including sex,educational-background, family-history, smoking, exercise, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein, glucose, body mass index (BMI), salt intake, take medicine, etc. The logistic regression model was used to extract the risk factor of hypertension.3.89 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were identified among 60-95 years old residents The prevalence, the awareness,the treatment and the control rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus were counted. The possible risk factors related to controlling blood glucose were surveyed, including sex, family-history, body mass index (BMI), eating habits, taking medicine, smoking, drinking, exercise, triglycerides, cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL). The logistic regression model was employed to extract the risk factor on elevating blood glucose. The incidence of the complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated. The risk factors were identified between type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension group and without ones, between type 2 diabetes mellitus with coronary heart disease group and without ones.between type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebrovascular disease group and without ones.4. The software of SPSS 15.0 was used to analyze the data. The multivariate regression analysis, the analysis of variance and the u-test were included.Results:1. The prevalences of hypertension both over 60-years old and less 60-years old were 60.55% (307/507) and 5.17%(100/1932) respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The awareness and the treatment rate of the patients over 60-years old with hypertension were 100% and 98.0% respectively. The control rate of hypertension was 29.68%(85/307).2. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of hypertension included BMI≥24, salty taste, no-regular-drug (P<0.05).3. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the residential block was 5.08%(124/2439). 89 patients with type2 diabetes over 60 years old were screened out, the prevalence was 17.28 (89/507). The prevalence in less 60 years old was 1.80% (35/1932). The prevalences between the two groups were statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Both awareness and treatment rate in the patients aged over 60 with diabetes mellitus were 100% and 98.0% respectively. The control rate of blood glucose was 75.82%(67/89).4. The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that the factors of the elevating blood glucose included BMI, no-controlling-diet, no-exercise and high-cholesterol (P<0.05). The effect factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension group were high blood glucose, BMI≥24, no-exercise (P<0.05). The effect factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus with coronary heart disease group were family history and hypertension and high blood glucose (P<0.05). The effect factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebrovascular disease group were no-exercise, smoking and drinking (P＜0.05).Conclusions:1. The prevalences of hypertension and type 2 diabetes been elevated with increasing age. The results of the study are similar to the other big cities in China.2. When hypertension and blood glucose in senile patients are no-normal,the reffected factors should be evaluated to find dangerous factors. A prevention and a controlling should be made.(1) To maintain the normal blood press of the patient of hypertension,the factors of BMI≥24, more-salt intake and taking medicine should be prevented and controlled.(2) To maintain the normal blood glucose of the patient of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the factors of family history, BMI≥24,no-controlling-diet and high-cholesterol should be prevented and controlled.3.To reduce the diabetes complications of senile patients with hypertension, the factors of high blood glucose, BMI≥24, no-exercise should be prevented and controlled.4.To reduce the diabetes complications of senile patients with coronary heart disease, the factors of family history,hypertension,high-blood-glucose should be prevented and controlled.5.To reduce the diabetes complications of senile patients with cerebrovascular disease, the factors of no-exercise, smoking and drinking should be prevented and controlled.