Investigation Of The Pathogenesis Of Oral Lichen Planus: Role Of Th1/Th2 Cell And Its Cytokines

Objective: To discuss the role of Th1, Th2 cell and its cytokines in OLP and deeply explore the pathological mechanism of OLP, in order to provide new ways to treat OLP.Methods: 30 OLP cases(15 erosion and 15 non-erosion) as experimental group,10 normal person as control group. Immunohistochemical technique was employed to study the expression of Th1, Th2, IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-10 in oral mucosa and ELASA was used for detecting the contents of IL-2, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-10 in blood of two groups. The significance of difference was calculated.Results: The expression rate of Th1 and Th2 cell in the OLP group was significantly higher than the NOM group (P<0.05). The amount of Th1, Th2 cell in the erosion was sligher higher than the non-erosion group, this is no significant (P>0.05), Th1 was mainly expressed at lymphocytic infiltration adjacent to the basal cell membrane. Th2 was mainly expressed at the deep lamina propria. The amount of Th1 cell in the OLP group was significantly higher than the amount of Th2 cells. The rate of Th1/ Th2 was higher than the NOM group, the difference is significant (P<0.05). Compared with the NOM group ,the expression level of IL-2,INF-γ,IL-4,IL-10 in the OLP group was significanly higher(P<0.05).The expression of IL-2, INF-γand IL-4,IL-10was mainly located in the lymphocytic infiltration, focus on the basal cell membrane and deep lamina propria separately. In the erosion OLP, the expression levef of IL-2, only was higher than IL-4,IL-10,this is significant(P<0.05). In the non-erosion OLP, the expression levef of only INF-γhigher than IL-4,IL-10,the different is significant(P<0.05). The amount of IL-2,INF-γ,IL-4,IL-10 in the OLP group was higher than the NOM group, but the different is no significant (P>0.05). compared with the non-erosion and NOM group, the amount of IL-4,IL-10 in erosion OLP was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion: Compared with normal group, the amount of Th1, Th2 cell has increased in the OLP group, which illustrate that Th1, Th2 cell has play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of OLP. The Th1 cell was distributed near the basal cell membrane, suggest that the Th1 cell has related with basement membrane disorder and basal cell liquefaction degeneration. In Infiltrating T cells of the OLP,the amount of Th1 cells was slight higher than Th2 cells,suggest that local Th1/Th2 immune imbalance is an important mechanism of OLP.The increasing expression amount of IL-2,IL-4,IL-10 and INF-γhas also explained the association of these cytokines with Local anomaly Immune accommodation and Immune-Induced effects. The distribution of IL-2,INF-γnear the basal cell membrane is identical with Th1 cell,suggest that Th1 cells produce IL-2, INF-γinvolved in local immune synergistic damage. the levels of IL2,IL4 in Sera of erosion group was higher than that of NOM group and non-erosion group, which illustrated patients with OLP erosion might accompany with disorder of immune system or the immunity was associated with the cause of this disease.So,we can conclued tha using Dexamethasone or antiallergic was reasonable in the treatment of erosion OLP.