| Objective: Heat shock protein (HSP) is a ubiquitous highly conserved polypeptide protein family. It consists of several subfamilies, including HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 according to their molecular weight. Their main function is to sustain the stability of proteins essential for cellular viability, which is considered as functions on"housekeeping"and cell protection important role of regulation. Recently, the relationship of HSP and diseases, especially tumors, has been attracted increasingly more attention. Studies on roles of HSP in apoptosis of tumor cells and anti-tumor immunity and prognosis of patients with carcinomas have been hot topics for researchers on oncology and immunology. Among members of HSP, HSP27 and HSP70 have been found to correlate closely with prognosis of cancer. Investigators have demonstrated that over-expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in gastric carcinoma, breast cancer and prostate carcinoma correlated increasely with depth of invasion, tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis. Patients with high expression of HSP27 and HSP70 tended to have a poor prognosis. However, there were only a few reports on expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma. The prognostic significance of expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma is not completely understood. The potential relation responsible for their prognostic effect on squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma is not clear.Lung cancer morbidity and mortality has been dramatically on the rise in many countries of the world in the past 50 years. New cases of lung cancer in the world were about 1.35 million in 2002, which had been the first in cancer. The number of deaths was 1.18 million. According to China population's the cause of death it was found that lung cancer is the fastest-growing malignant tumor whose mortality increased by nearly 1.5 times in twenty years from the 20th century mid-70s to the early 90s. The data come from National Cancer Prevention Office of the Ministry of Health have shown that from 2000 to 2005, the estimated incidence of lung cancer in China increased by 12 million, the male lung cancer patients from 26 million in 2000 to 33 million people in 2005, female lung cancer patients from 12 million to 17 million people in the same period. Failure to take timely and effective control measures China will have 1 million cases of lung cancer and become the world's first lung cancer power nation by 2025. When the majority of patients with lung cancer went to hospital have been the late stage, although the patients with lung cancer mortality decreased significantly, and surgery-based integrated treatment programs have greatly reduced the mortality rate of patients, but its prognosis is still poor, how to improve the long-term survival continues to challenge the medical profession. NSCLC accounts for about 80% of the total number of lung cancer patients. Therefore, prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma is still one of the hotspot medical studies. To explore the prognostic significance of expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma, 59 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma with detail clinical pathological and follow-up data were included in this study. This study applied immunohistochemical method to study the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in two groups whose clinical and pathological features was same and survival time was significantly different. We would explore clinical significance of the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues.Methods: We applied two-step immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in 59 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues. According to the information on follow-up results, the 59 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma patients were divided into two groups whose survival time were different. The long-term survival group was survival time more than 3 years (28 cases), and the short-term survival group was survival time less than 1 year (31 cases). The expressions of HSP 27 and HSP70 between two groups were compared in order to evaluate relationship of expression of HSP27 and HSP70 with clinicopathological features and prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma.Results:1 The results of immmunohistochemical stains showed that the overall positive expression rate of HSP 27 in 59 cases was 84.75% (50/59). Both the positive expression rate and strong positive expression rate of HSP27 in long-term survival group were 89.29% and 64.29% respectively. While those in short-term survival group were 83.87% and 74.19% respectively. No statistical significant difference was found (P>0.05). There was no significance difference that the expression of HSP27 in some clinicopathologic features of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma, such as tumor locations, tumor degree of differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node status, diameter of tumor (P>0.05). There was significant difference that the expression of HSP27 in tumor histological types (P<0.05).2 The results of immmunohistochemical stains showed that the overall positive expression rate of HSP70 in 59 cases was 84.75% (50/59). The positive expression rate and strong positive expression rate of HSP70 in long-term survival group were 85.71% and 78.57% respectively. While those in short-term survival group were 83.87% and 67.74% respectively. No statistical significant difference was found (P>0.05). There was no significant difference that the expression of HSP70 in some clinicopathologic features of NSCLC, such as tumor locations, tumor degree of differentiation and lymph node status, diameter of tumor (P>0.05). There was significant difference that the expression of HSP70 in histological types and TNM stage(P<0.05).3 Analysis of binary logistic regression showed that the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 were not related with prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma (P>0.05). Conclusions:1 The total positive expression rate and the strong positive expression rate of HSP27 between long-term survival group and short-term survival group is not obviously different. The results of this study still could not show the relation of the expression of HSP27 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma and the prognosis. There was no significant difference that the expression of HSP27 in some clinicopathologic features in the squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma, such as tumor locations, tumor degree of differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node status, diameter of tumor. There was significant difference that the expression of HSP27 in tumor histologistic types, showing that the expression of HSP27 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than the expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the role of HSP27 in lung squamous cell carcinoma remains to be studied further.2 The total positive expression rate and the strong positive expression rate of HSP70 between long-term survival group and short-term survival group is not obviously different. The results of this study still could not show the relation of the expression of HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma and the prognosis. There was no significant difference that the expression of HSP70 in some clinicopathologic features in the squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma, such as tumor locations, tumor degree of differentiation, and lymph node status, diameter of tumor. There was significant difference that the expression of HSP70 in tumor histologistic types, showing that the expression of HSP70 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than the expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore the role of HSP27 in lung squamous cell carcinoma remains to be studied further. There was also significant difference that the expression of HSP70 in TNM stage . The expression in the stageâ… ,â…¡was significantly higher than the stageâ…¢,â…£, suggesting that the expression of HSP70 would decrease with the development of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma. 3 Analysis of binary logistic regression showed that HSP27 and HSP70 did not enter into the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma model, yet could not serve as prognostic indicators for squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma.The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma was affected by many factors, through research the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma cancer tissues to find the relationship of prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma and the expression of HSP27 and HSP70. However, because of a limited number of cases, this had not shown that HSP27 and HSP70 were correlated with prognostic of squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma. The relationship between prognosis of HSP27,HSP27 and squamous cell carcinoma of lung and lung adenocarcinoma remains to be further study. |
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