To Observe Bone Microstructure And Bone Density Of Proper Alveolar Bone And The Cancellous Bone

Background: Bone formation is a dynamic equilibrium between bone resorption and bone remodeling .Previous studies showed that bone formation was a interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts .With a detailed study, it has been confirmed that vitodynamics is a main factor which impact its shape, internal structure, distribution and micro-changes during the growth and development of bone tissue .Present study has confirmed that bone cell which exists in bone tissue is stress cell. Mature bone cells can transfer stress. When the bone under mechanical stress ,after bone cell integrated the sign ,it can transfer osteoblasts and osteoclasts by the form of slit connecting and paracrine. Then it can lead the bone resorption or bone formation. In the human skeletal system, the alveolar bone remodeling is the most active organization. It can change quickly by stress. Maybe the reason is that the Alveolar bone structure and the distribution and density of bone cell are different so that network structure can reflect quickly on stress.Purpose: To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph and describe and compare it on the aspect of microarchitecture. By contrasting the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone to study the relativity of the bone cell density and the bone construction rate, in order to explore the biomechanics base of the alveolar construction.Material and Method: The area of the mandibular including premolars was studied in this experiment, to make sure the proper alveolar bone was continuous and obvious by X-ray, then to trim the alveolar into size of 5mm×5mm bone cakes following the tooth axis. To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph; Five alveolar bones including the first molar were trimmed into small bone cakes which sized in 1.2cm×1.2cm×1.2cm and made from the fractured sclerous tissue. The samples was stained by Haematoxylin Eosin, and then observed the sections by electron micrograph to calculate the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone. Then made a statistic.Results: Scanning electron micrograph showed that collagen fibers which located on the surface of the trabecular cancellous bone was aligned tightly and having direction. The collagen fibers of the trabecular proper alveolar bone aligned tightly but disorderly and the collagen fibers were alternate permutation forming amount of holes ,the diameter of which was about 5.0～6.0μm; HE staining of sclerous tissue sections showed that the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was much denser than which in the cancellous bone area.Conclusion: In normal human alveolar, the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was denser than which in the cancellous bone area. The arrangement mode of the collagen fibers in these two areas was obviously different. Bone cell density may be a potential index to evaluate the capability of the biomechanics. There was basic significance to study biological character of the alveolar bone cells.