A Study Of Literary Translating Activities Of All-China's Writers Association For Anti-Japanese War In Chongqing: 1943-1945

In the literature of Anti-Japanese War,translation might seem not important for many people.When a foreign literature comes into a literature,only that part of translated literature which is from the important source language may occupy the central position.However,not all the literature can occupy the same position. Sometimes the translated literature may be on the secondary or marginal position. Translating activities are in fact determined by every system of the culture of target language.Whatever will be translated is determined by the need of the culture of target language.And some questions how we can translate it,what should be reserved,what should be deleted are also determined by some norms in the culture of target language.Now that the translating activities are determined by all the systems of the culture of target language,translation is no longer unchangeable, regardless of the fixed nature and limit.It is an activity depending on all the relations in certain cultural system.The literary translating activities were rather lively and prosperous in Chongqing during Anti-Japanese War.A large number of foreign literary works were translated and introduced to the readers by many professional or amateur translators in the area dominated by Kuomintang.According to the materials collected,the literary translated works during the whole Anti-Japanese War have some specialties,such as being large in number,having abundant contents,various types and so on.The author chooses the two years from 1943 to 1945 to analyze the literary translating activities of All-China's Writers Association(中华全国文艺界抗敌协会) in a micro way.As a national united association of literature and art in Anti-Japanese War,it attracted many outstanding literary workers,including lots of famous translators. They worked for it enthusiastically and actively.In line with the related datum found by the author,there were 196 translated works written in the newspapers,periodicals, magazines or published in the form of books during the two years.In the journal The Literature and Art of Anti-Japanese War(《抗战文艺》) of the general branch of All-China's Writers Association,15 translated works were published,involving reportages,novels,dramas,diaries,poems,fairy tales,the comments on writers and works research and so on.Different from the early period of the wartime,the literature and art movement in Chongqing,including the literary translating activities of the associations developed deeper,as well as the thoughts,themes,and arts. However,the study of Chongqing's translating activities during Anti-Japanese War hasn't developed widely.This thesis is the first to study the literary translating activities of the literary association from the perspectives of magazines,periodicals and newspapers,publishing houses,as well as the popular poetics.It discusses the cultural factors' influence-patronage,poetics and ideology outside the literary system on the translator's translating strategies and activities.This thesis is divided into six chapters.In Chapter 1,it reviews the achievements about the study of Chongqing's literary activities during Anti-Japanese War and puts forward the assumptions,showing the translation theory this thesis uses and its contributions.In Chapter 2,it briefly introduces All-China's Writers Association and its general literary translating activities during 1943-1945.In Chapter 3 and Chapter 4,it shows and examines the literary translating activities of All-China's Writers Association respectively from the perspectives of magazines,newspapers,discussing the cultural factors' influence on their translations by applying Lefevere's rewriting theory and understanding how the translators make a compromise between their ideology and patrons,as well as popular poetics.In Chapter 3,it takes Literary Vanguard(《文艺先锋》)which was started by Kuomintang as an example,as well as a translated text published in it.In Chapter 4,it takes Xin Hua Daily(《新华日报》) started by the Communist Party of China and a translated text in it as an example.In Chapter 5,it discusses the flourishing translating activities of All-China's Writers Association from the perspectives of the magazines and publishing houses established by the translators and non-translators of All-China's Writers Association, and then chooses one text to analyze.In Chapter 6,conclusion,which indicates the limitations of the thesis and proposes some questions for further research.The significance and innovation of the thesis is:firstly,it is the first one to study Chongqing's literary translating activities of Anti-Japanese War from the angle of associations.Secondly,it combines the cultural translation theories with the literary translating activities in a given time and place,discusses the translation resources from the factors inside and outside the texts.Thirdly,it researches and examines the literary translating activities of associations in Chongqing during Anti-Japanese War to make up a blank space which has hitherto existed in our translation world,promoting more and more people's awareness of Chongqing's translation resources in the wartime.Fourthly,it is to examine and perfect Lefevere's rewriting theory in practice.Fifthly,it is used to memorize and give the full respect to those famous translators who made their great contributions to the literature and translation career,as well as the resistance against Japanese enemy in Chongqing during Anti-Japanese War.Sixthly,it is to stir people's patriotism to the country nowadays,making them fight firmly against the hostile enemies who want to destroy China's unity and sovereignty.