The Survey Of Contemporary University Students' Social Adaptation

Social adaptation is a significant content of Psychology, Sociology and many other disciplines. The period of university is very critical to individual's development. The adaptation of university students is connected not only the growing of themselves, but also the flourish and development of the country. Our study was aim to construct a questionnaire of university students' social adaptation with high reliability and validity, based on the conceptual analysis and structure exploration of university students' social adaptation, understand the actuality of university students' social adaptation and supply a positive basis to improve it, through carrying out the questionnaire. On the base of former studies, according to the special situation of university students, we defined the social adaptation of university students as: University students respond to social expectations and changed studying ways, interpersonal relationships and external environment etc and continuously modify their mentality and behavior in the new circumstance, in order to satisfactorily complete their task, meanwhile preparing for their entrance to the society. Then concluding the former production, consulting the experts and considering the main tasks of university students, we assumed that the structure of university students' social adaptation is consist with studying adaptation, interpersonal adaptation, psychological adaptation, environmental adaptation and intending adaptation. Based on the assumption of university students' social adaptation, we conducted the questionnaire of university students' social adaptation, then, modified it by experimental investigation. Ultimately, we formed the Questionnaire of University Students which was of satisfactory reliability and validity, and making up with 23 questions. After this, we surveyed seven universities in the country, and found that: the social adaptation of university students was better than middle, and there were significant difference among five dimensions. Also, there were some differences among demographic variables, which were: freshman was different from junior student in studying adaptation; on dimensions of intending adaptation and psychological adaptation, official university students differed with those who took self-study examination or adult education; arts students and engineering students had higher scores than science students in studying adaptation, and arts students had higher scores than engineering students and science students in intending adaptation; boys performed better than girls; the students who were from city had nicer interpersonal adaptation than those from country; singleton's social adaptation was better than non-singleton and students with duty had high social adaptation than common people.For the sake of actuality of the results gained through students, we invited many teachers to estimate university students' social adaptation, and results indicating: teachers considered that the social adaptation of university students was little better than middle, which was different with the evaluation of students themselves, that was the students' evaluation was significant higher than teachers'. In facing of the difference, we noticed that there were much more consistence between the students and teachers. Therefore, we believed that the data from students' self-evaluation approximately reflect the actuality of university students' social adaptation. Generally speaking, this research added the structure of university students' social adaptation with new content, and at the same time made a meaningful attempt on research method with other-evaluation and self-evaluation.