Bird Community Composition And Activity Patterns In The Airport

Bird strike is a flight safety accident by a collision between a bird and aircraft during flight.With the rapid development of aviation industry, bird strike accident occurred so frequently that it has become one of three major disasters in aviation industry.It is the foundation of birdstrike effective prevention to study bird community composition and activity rhythm of bird in airport. It has important guiding siguificance for prevention messure of airport birdstrike to master the community composition and activety rhythm of bird in airport.This thesis has investigated the species, quantity and distribution of bird community in different day hours and months of airport in the eastern of Hebe with the method of route survey. We analyze the species diversity of birds community, activity rhythm of day and month and seasonal characteristics, and then compare it with the airport in the northeastern of Hebe.And we also analyze the composition of bird community and activity rhythm in airport and study the influence of fire to the bird communities of airport grassland.The study results are as follows:The composition of airport birds community is rich.80 species are totally recorded which belonged to 33 families and 16 orders in airport in one year.There are 15 species of resident birds, 27 species of summer visitors, four winter visitors, 33 species of passage migrant and 1 species of escape.Migratory birds and Passerine birds constitute the main part of the bird community which the sparrow activity rate is the highest.There is different activity frequency in different regions of the airport which region 3 is the most active area.There are significant differences among the activity frequency of the birds in different months in airport which the highest frequency of activity appears in the October and the lowest is March.The sparrow has highest activity frequency in all seasons. But there is different composition of bird species of higher frequency of activity in different seasons. Barn Swallow and Magpie has higher frequency of activity in spring and in summer it’s Barn Swallow, then during the autumn are Barn Swallow, Carrion Crow and Skylark and in winter are Asian Short-toed Lark and Skylark. The species diversity index of different seasons is different.The community diversity index and evenness index showed:spring> autumn>Winter>summer.The dominance index showed:summer>winter>spring>autumn.Daily activity rhythm of the airport birds in different month generally shows multi-peak model which is that there are multiple activity peaks in one day which generally focusing on early in the morning and in the evening.There are not the same dominant species of birds with the change of the month. The scope of activities of the birds are relatively wide in different month, and bird activity was complex. Bird communities and activities rhythm was different between different airport, so different measures for preventing and controlling bird strike should be taken based on the respective characteristics of birds activity situation in airport.The fire significantly reduces the density of bird community, species diversity and evenness degree,and bird density increased with the degree of fire reduced. But the fire do not significantly change the number of species of bird community.There is more similarity in bird species composition between fire area and no fire area.