Ethnobotanical Studies On Wild Forage Plants In Heshigten Banner Of Inner Mongolia

With the methods of ethnobotany,the paper studied the traditional knowledge and experience in wild forage plants of the local mongolian folk including the local naming and classification of wild forage plants, folk recognition of local resources of wild forage and folk use,management and protection of the grass forage plants etc. And analyze the characteristics of folk recognition and utilization of wild forage plants and distribution and president condition of traditional knowledge of wild forage plants in different ages, different genders group. The main results are as follows:Wild forage plants recognized and used by the local Mongolian people are 44 families,144 species and 8varieties and 1 form. Then 13 families as following compositae, gramineae, rosaceae, liliaceous, leguminosae, polynaceae, ranunculaceae, chenopodiaceae, Mang geraniaceae, apiaceae, labiatae, crassulaceae, gentianaceae have 116 species accounting for 75.58% of the total, and they can be considered as the local mainly used ones. From the aspect of lifestyle, herbs has 135 species, accounting for 88.24% of the total.In the herbs, perennial herbs are accounting for 74.81%,sharing obvious advantages, showing the basic characteristics of prairie flora. It could mean that perennial herb is the dominant lifestyle in local mongolian folk recognition and use. See from comprehensive evaluation of forage plants resources, wild forage plants have 18 excellent species,22 fine species,51 midium species,31 low species,9 inferior species, and the most obvious ones that herbs has 15 excellent species,5 fine species,then followed by liliaceae having 5 excellent species and 3 fine species. The two families are the most significant wild forage plants in the local folk recognition and use.the 265 wild forage plants’ folk names which is collected from local place belong to 144 species and 8 varieties and 1 form.These folk names has obvious basis of structure,type,name and has traditional husbandry and local ecological environment and national characteristics,these can provide helpful clues for the research of national language and abundant mongolian vocabularies.This could mean that the above four kinds of forage grasses are considered as the most excellent and valued ones by herdsmen.Comparing the feed plant’s folk evaluation with scientific agrostology and forage plants resources, the results show that the folk evaluation of forage plants of which the local herdsmen thought highly has increasingly consistent with scientific evaluation.In the aspect of poisonous and harmful plants, herders listed the 7 species and 1 varietas of poisonous plants,8 species harmful plants for livestocks. In addition, herders have a deep understanding on toxicities to different grazing animals, poisoning seasons, poisoning symptoms of livestocks and some simple rescue measures.Similarity of important forage plants’ genera and species of Mongolian folk recognition between Heshigten and bahrain right banner were 63.64%,42.30% and 19.44% respectively. Similarity of important forage plants’ genera and species of Mongolian folk recognition between Heshigten and hulun buir two districts were 72%,65.30% and 36.61% respectively.With the variance analysis for people who grasp the traditional knowledge of wild forage plants in the different ages, different genders group, the results show that the 76-86 age group (P< 0.05) are apparent than five other age groups, and followed by 66-75 age group and 56-65 age group, the rest of the three age groups are not apparent.76-86,66-75, 56-65,46-55 age men who have the traditional knowledge of wild forage plants are apparently in the same age women who have traditional knowledge, others age group has no apparently difference in the traditional knowledge of wild forage plants.As the development of market economy,the traditional knowledge of local wild feed plants are gradually forgotten by people.while this kind of traditional knowledge involve lots of advantages which is suitable for local natural conditions and useful for plants’ resources,therefore,it is high time that we should record,protect and explain scientifically so that digging out the potential application values.