Analysis On Surface Subsidence Of Geological Disaster Caused By GIS Underground Mining

For the past20years, the rapid development of economy cannot be realizedwithout coal which is the main energy. However, the large-scale andhigh-intensive exploration of coal may cause geological disaster in the miningarea and a certain area of the perimeter. As to such geological disaster,subsidence may be considered as the most serious. It can not only threatenhuman lives and properties, but also destroy ecological environment of themining area.Therefore, it is necessary to make a research on subsidence and itsprevention measures，and how to adopt scientific methods to analyze andmonitor these disasters properly and constantly so as to reduce the loss ofnational and people’s propertiesbecome an important issue.Based on the conditions of geological environmental in a particular miningarea, this paper will initially analyze and establish the reasonable mechanism ofsurface subsidence in underground mining area and then choose appropriateimpact factors deliberately. In addition, it will select methods to evaluate therisks of geological disaster for the sake of establishing a reasonableevaluationsystem. Finally, ArcGIS will be applied to construct corresponding spatial database and attribute database in order to make this evaluation model practicalunder GIS environment. The concrete content is shown as follow:(1) Collecting data combined with the features of underground mining andthen selecting relatively comprehensive impact factors to establish indicatorsystem based on the practical conditions of research area. After comparing withvarious evaluation methods and analysis methods, expert evaluation method andanalytic hierarchy process will be adopted to analyze this research content at theaspects of qualitative index and quantitative index. There are3hierarchies and17basic indexes in this paper. Every index weight is calculated through analytichierarchy process and thus evaluation model will be achieved.(2) By virtue of GIS thought and ArcGIS technology platform, spatialdatabase and attribute database of related basic information in research area willbe established. Basic functions such as spatial query, buffer analysis and spatialoverlay analysis will be accomplished through spatial analysis function ofsoftware. Furthermore, basic indicators impact factors will be categorized and athree-level distribution diagram will be obtained.(3) Comprehensive evaluation of research area will be realized and result ofrisk analysis will be obtained. Raster calculator is applied to insert evaluationanalysis model into corresponding impact factor layer so as to get the result ofmulti-factor comprehensive evaluation. Moreover, the disaster scene iscompared with this research area so as to verify the rationality of this researchmethod and its result. And the model is applied to evaluate the proposed minging area layer making a contribution to provide information for the people.