Oil And Gas Long-distance Pipelines Typical Pipe And Ancillary Facilities To The Risk Assessment

A risk assessment technology was developed for assessing the safety risks of pipelines more than 30 years ago. Recently this new technology is being used increasingly for the oil and gas pipeline management in many countries. This paper gives overall factor systems of the risk assessment for the typical section of pipelines and auxiliary facilities. This paper also discusses the fuzzy risk assessment. With the advent of pipeline construction on a large scale in our country, risk assessment technologies for new pipelines have been placed on the agenda. So this paper also discusses the factor systems of the risk assessment for new pipelines. Some attempts have been made to establish the fuzzy risk assessment for oil and gas pipelines in order to provide proof for managers.This paper includes seven parts as follows:1. It is set forth in this paper that the background of developments, recent developments, science basis and application effect in risk assessments. So we can formulate the proper technology methods.2. Long-distance pipelines are laid on the different terrain. The geological and hydrological condition is also different. In view of this condition, we can classify the typical pipeline into four types. These four types are as follows: pipeline under-crossing road or highway, pipeline under-crossing river, pipeline aerial crossing and pipeline crossing over. For these four types of pipelines we establish the different factor systems.3. For new pipelines we establish the factor systems.4. The system of oil pipeline includes oil pumps, oil store and long-distance pipelines. In this paper, we establish the factor systems for risk assessment in oil pumps and oil store.5. The model of the five-grade fuzzy risk assessment is established which is applied to failure factor systems. The weight of each grading factor and the matrix of assessment are given. The pipeline is evaluated on the basis of the selected fuzzy operator. Hence oil and gas pipelines' fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is realized.6. In aspect of risk management, a fundamental framework of integrality maintenance based upon the optional strategy is brought forward. The utility function and the optimization principle are adopted in order to make balance in cost, safety and environment protection. Managers canobtain which segment of pipelines should be prior to maintain. 7. A software for risk assessment is developed.