Study Of Eia Management System Under The Policy Implementation Perspective

As the two major policies in the environmental protection policy systems in China, Environmental Impact Appraisal (EIA) and"Three Simultaneousness"play a pivotal role in prevention of environmental pollution as well as destruction, promote the environment management model transformation from"terminal control"to"whole process control"and finally contribute to the sustainable development. EIA is an effective method to converting"remediation afterwards"into"prevention first"while"Three Simultaneousness"is a strong guarantee to implementation of environment protection measures. As the important procedures to coordinate environmental protection in harmony with economic development, the two policies complement each other and constitute EIA management system in China. Over the past 30 years, EIA management system exerted a functional role in environmental management of construction project. However, from the first"EIA storm"in 2005 to the construction of two water power stations without legitimate approval in the middle reaches of Jinshajiang halted by the National Environmental Protection Ministry in 2009, the executive efficiency of the EIA system in China should be reconsidered.In this dissertation, the arsenic contamination case of Yangzonghai is taken as an empirical in order to explore problems in the EIA management. The Smith executive process model in executive theory of public policy was used to thoroughly analyze the original constraint of performing EIA management in China from four aspects including institutional defects, environmental management system (executive subject) imperfect, interest game of target group and non-ideal policy environment. Referring to experience and development trend of EIA system abroad, several countermeasures are advanced in this dissertation such as the development of Strategic Environmental Assessment in China, improvement of laws and regulations, strengthening the monitoring and evaluation of environment policy execution system by introducing environmental auditing system; reinforcement of capacity building to improve the operational mechanism of environmental administration, enhancement of environmental policy execution capacity, etc.