Kidney Treatment Of Osteoporosis Experimental Study And Ultrasonic Microscopy Scanning Technology Applications

Primary osteoporosis (POP) is an important disease which seriously affects the quality of life of the Aged and Middle-Aged People. Together with aging population, the incidence of primary osteoporosis increase rapidly. In recently years, scientists make deeply research on osteoporosis and obtain many developing achievements in animal experiment.But these date haven't been applied well in clinical application,and the potential advantage of Chinese traditional medicine cannot embodied well. One of the important reasons is that the experimental repeatability is unsatisfactory. Some experimental methods cannot be used in clinic, especially in evaluation of bone quality. Correlation analysis for osteoporosis parameters between the quantity and quality are not insufficient, so according to the current results, we will make further research.Objective: To study the effect of treating osteoporosis female rats by invigorate the kidney. Evaluating the technology of ultrasound scanning and its application in rat model of osteoporosis. Analyzing the correlation among the bone mineral density(BMD),bone biomechanics and acoustic impedance.Materials and Methods: We used 55 Wistar female rats, with 4months old, 264g-weighted in average. These rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: normal group(n=10), tcm group(n=15), western medicine group (n=15) and model group(n=15).After anesthetized by 3% sodium pentobarbital injection(1ml/kg),the normal contrast group was administered sham operation and other groups ovariectomy About one week later, the tcm group rats were treated with kidney-invigorated herb by gavage, and those in the western medicine group with nylestriol, in the other two groups with saline instead by the same way. After 3 months treatment, histomorphological changes were observed with HE staining method. Then we determined the parameters of ALP, E₂, BMD, femora biomechanical experiments, and ultrasound scanning.The experimental data is expressed by ((x|-)±s) . The statistic software is SPSS 13.0, the comparison among groups was performed by simple factor analysis of variance with LSD inspection or Dunnett-t inspection. P<0.05 means statistic diversity. Thecorrelative analysis is linear correlation.Result:1. General Results: From weight, hair color, appetite, there were no significant differences in each group. But in the process of raising, a total of three rats dead in accidents.2. Bone tissue morphology: By obsering HE staining, compared with the normal group, in the model group, the number of has reduced significantly, and there were smaller diameter, more resorption lacunae. The connection between the trabecular bone was incomplete, and it was sparse and thin, even some was fracture. In the tcm and western medicine groups, the number of trabecular bone increased, and under the light microscope, similar to the one in normal group, the connection of each trabecular bone was tidiness, and their spacing decreased.3. Blood biochemical parameters: The ALP level in the tcm and model groups was obviously higher than that of the normal group (P<0.01) , And there was no statistical difference of ALP between the western medicine group treated with nylestriol and the normal group. The E₂ level in the other three groups was obviously lower than that of the normal group (P<0.01) , Compared with the model group, the E2 in the western medicine group was much higher (P<0.05) .4. Bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar spine: The BMD in lumbar spine of model group rats was significantly different from that of the other three groups(P<0.01). So we can think, compared with the model group, the tcm group,western medicine group can increase the level of BMD in lumbar spine. And it was described that the application of Chinese medicine kidney-invigorated herb can reduce the loss of bone mineral content in the ovariectomized rats.5. The parameters of the femora biomechanical experiments: There was no statistical difference in the indicators by the three-point bending of rat femur of the four test group(P>0.05).In the femoral head compression test, the displacement and strength of the model group were significantly lower than that of the normal group(P<0.05 & P<0.01). After the application nylestriol and kidney-invigorated herb, compared with the model group the displacement and strength in the tcm group,western medicine group can increase obviously(P<0.05 & P<0.01).6. The result of ultrasound scanning: The rat femoral head embedded in plexiglass was used as the bone specimens for ultrasound scanning. And the gray level image scanned by ultrasound microscope will be analyzed. And then the acoustic impedance will be calculated by analyzing the gray level image. Compared with the normal group, the acoustic impedance in the model group was significantly lower(P<0.01). After treated with Chinese or western medicine, the acoustic impedance in the tcm group,western medicine group increased significantly. And compared with the model group, there was significant difference(P<0.05 & P<0.01).In the later correlation analysis, we analyzed the three parameters that BMD, the parameters of the femora biomechanical experiments(displacement and strength), and the acoustic impedance. There existed linear correlation in the total sample and the normal group. In the modal group, there was only part of parameters existed linear correlation, and not existed in the tcm and western groups.Conclusion:1 .The model of ovariectomized rat can lead to changes in the structure of bone tissue, especially in the cancellous bone. These changes reflected in the following aspects: bone tissue morphology, biochemical bone metabolism, biomechanical prpoerties and microstructure ultrasound. Thus the model can be used to simulate the primary osteoporosis change well.2. The application of Chinese medicine kidney-invigorated can increase bone mineral density, improve the biomechanical properties of the femoral head, adjusting the cancellous bone microstructure, so as to achieve the purpose of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.3. Ultrasound scanning microscopy based on ultrasonic pulse reflection principle. So the acoustic impedance of the femoral head can be measured, which can reflect comprehensively the change in trabecular bone from the content and structure. There was higher correlation among acoustic impedance,bone mineral density and bone mechanical properties. And acoustic impedance can be used as a reference factor of osteoporosis evaluation in the animal experiments4. From the results of correlation analysis, the evaluation of the degree of osteoporosis and cancellous bone condition, it should be comprehensive analysis of bone mineral density, bone biomechanical properties of acoustic impedance, and so on.