Analog And Scientific Discoveries

The main purpose of this thesis is to recommend the analogy to develop trends . This text finishes on the basis of reviewing development clue of the analogy. This thesis introduces the historical origin of the analogy at first. Speak from the ancient Greek philosopher's logic thought, the understanding of analogy founder Aristotle introducing logic .In the modern logic evolution, the study on analogy has used a lot of methods . This text introduces the models of analogy, according to such several kinds of methods to carry on research the analogy as the classification of different analogies, classification done on the basis of difference of relations of analogy , etc. We should how to hold on the concept and how to build the model of constructing, model divided into similar analogy and advanced analogy. Some scientists use model analogy draw great discover. This text also introduces the attribute analogy and structure analogy, some scientists use the theory producing the great discover.Analogy reasoning causes big change lying in artificial intelligence application. The key problem of analogy reasoning is : set up data structure of helping the knowledge to show and organize, similar sureness and change the mode. This text introduces briefly foreign several scholars how to solute these problems. It is proved in the machine of the theorem. This text also introduces the reasoning simulation system of the analogy , settle a lawsuit in analogy, conflict controlling , project application , software putting in double use and model is managed ,etc. In the application, analogy reasoning can be summed up three kinds of modes: : relationship confirming type, ask the solving type and multiple analogy.There can be such important function in scientific research in analogy reasoning , which because its own logic characteristic determines. It is from special to special reasoning, its conclusion is probable. So analogy reasoning is suitable in very large range , people can carry on the analogy among two different individual things ; carry on the analogy among two different things ; carry on the analogy between individual of some kind and another things . What two targets can go on the analogy on earth ? This depends on our intuition, which is a kind of non-logic jump thinking .It has no mode confirmed. A lot of great scientists ' invents depend on their intuition.