The Study Of Earthquake Damage Simulation System Based On Three-dimensional GIS Technology

China is one of countries which suffered from server earthquakes. Theearthquakes happened in China have the following features: widespread distribution,shallow hypocenter, high frequency, great intensity. The server earthquakes causeenormous losses for people and property because of destructive and abruptcharacters, especially in a city with a large population and great wealth. Todayearthquake can’t be forecasted accurately, earthquake damage analyzing is veryimportant for protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters. With the rapiddevelopment of GIS technology, it is applied in some seismic domains and achievedmany successes, such as the construction of seismic database, the loss estimation ofseismic hazard, seismic hazard assessment, seismic zoning and so on. However, theresults are displayed by tables, histograms and charts, which isn’t able to displaythree-dimensional characters of building damage directly. The development ofthree-dimensional modeling technology and three-dimensional spatial informationrequirement of people support for three-dimensional earthquake hazardresearch.Scientific earthquake rescue work require the safety in two sides of rescueworkers and survivors. Previous researches show that it plays a crucial role for theeffectiveness of rescue work and the reduction of casualty if rescue workers have afully understanding of seismic fields and building destruction. Thusthree-dimensional earthquake simulation research has a great significance. Thispaper studies the method which combining three-dimensional GIS technology andbuilding damage visualization. The aim of research is to offer the help to rescuework, virtual rescue training and earthquake scientific education.The damage of building is the major cause of casualties and economic losses.Masonry structure is one structure form used frequently and widely in China, hence,the research on damage of masonry structure has a great significance. According tothe investigation of earthquake damage report in historical earthquake and picturesof earthquake damage, the paper summarizes the typical earthquake damage positionand characters of masonry structure.The paper introduces the current mainstream three-dimensional modelingmethods and softwares, and then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages.The author take two factors into consideration, the one is the disadvantage of lack realityin current GIS software, the other one is the disadvantage of lack GIS spatial queryanalysis capacity in3D modeling software. Hence, the research adopts approachcombining the ArcGIS Engine and three-dimensional modeling software. The objectis distributed into three classes in accordance with dimension: point, line and surface.The three kinds of object are modeled by Google SketchUp respectively. The mainpoint is building modeling. According to the attributes of height, stretching thegeographic base map to creates the common building models. The importantbuildings are created in Google SketchUp and transformed into MultiPatch formatwhich can load and display in GIS environment. Besides, the paper studies themethod combining the textures and earthquake damage characters by Photoshop toexpress the earthquake damage information. The feasibility of mapping isconfirmed.In addition, the paper used ArcGIS Engine component in Visual Studio2005C#.NET programming environment to develop the three-dimensional earthquakedamage simulation system. The system includes two-dimensional module andthree-dimensional module. The system realizes the earthquake affecting fieldgeneration, earthquake damage assessment of building, three-dimensional scenesimulation and query.In the last section of this thesis, some details and shortages of the method arediscussed, Such as the mapping method is not good at displaying the large and deepfissures and the collapse characters of wall. In addition, the correspondingconsiderations and the future studies are suggested.