| Statistics show that the average tailings utilization rate of China is less than50%and those stacked tailings have caused serious harm to environment. Tailings comprehensive utilization technology development and application in China is one of the key step to implement cleaner production, wasteless mining (or less waste). This paper combined with the specific engineering practice in Fankou Lead-zinc Mine, use theoretical analysis and experimental research methods to carry out tailings comprehensive recovery and utilization technology research. The main research contents and results are as follows:(1) By analyzing the physical and mechanical properties and chemical element of tailings and doing lab tests of tailings, the application scope (common room filling, ordinary column filling, surface water, false Lane) of all kinds of tailings and the corresponding cement sand ratio ratio parameter were obtained. Filling body later strength influencing factors were analyzed, which lay a foundation for the comprehensive utilization and recycling of tailings.(2) By carrying out the settlement experiment of flocculant, the type and dosage of flocculant were determined.Through the hydrocyclones optimization experiment, the best ratio of hydrocyclones sink mouth diameter and overflow sand mouth diameter were determined and which is0.5. and reveals the feeding pressure, concentration and the production and quality influence caused by the content of those particles which size is below19um to hydrocyclones bottom flow. Carry out the whole backfilling materials filtration dehydration test, and come to the conclusion that in order to improve the tailings recovery effectively, those particles which size is below5μm should be removed by hydrocyclones when using ceramic filter machine to recovery tailings.To improve the comprehensive recovery of tailings, Carry out vertical tailings sand warehouse technology reform, and which made sand under-bin flow concentration more stable, widened the filling scope of tailings, reducing the grain layer of filling sand under-bin flow magnitude, and improve the tailings filling quality significantly. (3) According to the full tailings filling room strength cannot meet the requirement and when hardened it will cause jams in the,carry out the application research, and do the compressive strength of paste expansion ratio test and process test; Greatly improved the utilization rate of tailings of fankou lead-zinc mine, got the ratio parameters of final filling cement sand etc. adapting to room filling, effectively realized the application of the paste filling, and the economic benefits of recycling of backfilling materials and environmental benefit were analyzed. The first in China to carry out the classified tailings filling technology of foam mortar test technology research, have effectively solved the tailings Roof-Contacted filling and tailing dewatering difficult problem, improved the filling quality, reduced the cost of filling, forming a foam mortar filling technology.(4) Carry out the leading research of using classified tailings to underground water disaster prevention curtain grouting engineering. By doing experiments, the classified tailings slurry performance index were determination, reasonable material proportion parameter of classified tailings used in curtain grouting were determined, graded tail mortar additive were optimized. |
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