Comparative Studies: Marine Management System Between China And Abroad

After the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entering into force,there are many challenges of facing to the new situation in ocean management,because of the development of global ocean exploitation. Many costal countries havedeveloped different ocean management systems, which have their own characteristics,to keep sustainable use of marine resources, preservation of the marine rights andinterest, protect of the marine environment and to regulate the order of exploitation ofmarine resources and marine research. China has already done lots of work in marineexploitation and integrated marine management as other costal countries which havepromoted medium-term and strategic vision of the ocean development plan, such aswe have done lots of research in marine management and coordination, managementof sea areas using, marine resources, protection of marine environment and ecology,marine rights and interest, marine technology and marine disaster prevention. Marinemanagement system has been gradually developed into decentralized managementmodel based on ocean, environmental protection, fishery marine affairs, frontierpoliceman and customs. But we should clearly realize that the current internationalmarine affairs are undergoing intense and profound changes that the marine resourcesand marine rights and interest are struggled intensely by costal countries. Ourdecentralized management system, which still has a long way to catch up withwestern developed costal countries, cannot effectively preservation our nations marinerights and interest and go against the integrate marine management and sustainableusing of marine resources. Therefore, it is the most realistic and urgent tasks whichour countries’ marine management faces currently that are how to find out therelationship among marine management apartments of our country and adjustinstitutional structure reasonably, for improving the Chinese marine managementsystem, so that it adapts to the new mechanism of the world’ marine management. Inthis paper, domestic and international marine management systems are analyzed withthe approaches of literature analysis and systems analysis, then the conclusion andsummary of problems of Chinese marine management are gotten. On this basis, recommendations of the management system which is suitable for China, throughanalyzing the experience from abroad, are suggested, which is aimed at achievingmarine integrate management and coordination and improving marine managementsystem in China.This paper is divided into six parts:The first part is the introduction: background, the purpose, significance, methodsand structure of this research and research of home and abroad are introduced in thispart.The second part is about the theories analysis: the concept, model andcharacteristics of the marine management system are described for a clearunderstanding and knowledge of the marine management system.The third part is about foreign marine management system: the patterns andcharacteristics of the marine management system, the administrative department andenforcement agencies and maritime legislation of marine law in Canada, the UnitedStates and South Korea, are specifically analyzed, in order to have a clearunderstanding and knowledge about foreign marine management system.The fourth part is the study of our countries’ marine management system:analyzing the development, the current situation and the existing problems of themarine management system, finding the defective nesses of the laws and regulationsin the marine management system, lacking of the entire state’s marine strategies andpolicies. Integrated marine management is not perfect, the unclear dividing in controllimit and powers or authority of office of maritime space; the law enforce isdispersing and also not enough. It illuminates the important significance ofcompleting our marine management system.The fifth part is the comparative study on the marine management system athome and abroad: it comparative analysis respectively from the marine managementsystem Patten; marine laws and regulations; comprehensive coordination mechanismto the dividing in control limit and powers or authority of office of maritime spaceand the law force. So refine the significative inspiration to our marine managementsystem.The sixth part is the countermeasures and suggestions to complete our marinemanagement system: based on the comparative study on the marine managementsystem at home and abroad, put forward the specific countermeasures and suggestionsto complete our marine management system: complete the system of our country’s marine laws; build the decision coordinate form on high level; build the consultingand staff of marine management; complete the construction of marine managementinformation system; clear the scope of official duty and divide the administrationprivilege; do unity and comprehensive of management on marine enforce.To achievethe plan and comprehensive of marine Integrated management, complete the marinemanagement system and this is also has impartment significance on the nation’spower, diplomacy, military and national safety etc.