| Objective:To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the first grade primary school students. To explore the determinants of overweight and obesity in the first grade primary school students and provide scientific basis in the child obesity intervention, including social basic characters, family factors and the knowledge, attitude and behavior of students. To explore the different types of physical activity in the first grade primary school students and provide evidence and guidance for carrying out school physical health in the future.Methods:Conducted a cross-sectional survey. Students from fourteen schools were selected by random cluster sampling methods. Investigate the students and parents with self-designed questionnaire through quantitative research methods, and analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the students using the data of height and weight provided by school. After sorted and collected, data would be analyzed by statistical software SPSS16.0and SAS9.1.Results:1) Of boys,17.36%were overweight,17.08%were obesity. Of girls,13.12%were overweight,9.25%were obesity. The prevalence of the overweight and obesity of the boys was higher than that of girls. And the total overweight rate was higher than obesity rate.2) Of the overweight and obesity in the students, overweight or obesity of parents, regularly buying snacks for students, less taking students outing, fast eating and regularly snacking are risk factors, loving sports and taking breakfast are the protective factors.3) Of students,68.50%accepted obesity prevention education. The average score of knowledge was8.83±2.74and the right answer rate was67.92%. The normal group scored8.75±2.79. overweight group scored9.15±2.60and obesity group scored8.90±2.61.4) The students could find whether they were overweight or obesity. Compared with underweight students, the moderate or overweight students preferred to own a underweight body. Compared with normal students, the overweight or obesity students are more worried about turning obesity, more desired to lose weight. more possible to lose weight and more be willing to participate in health education.5) Among the first grade primary school students, the daily moderate and vigorous physical time was42.86minutes, of which30.00minutes(70%) in the school and7.14minutes outside school. The daily sedentary time was180minutes and sleep time was580minutes.72.16%students sleep less than10hours. The time of physical activity among the students in the school days was significantly more than in the weekend. The time of watching TV and playing video games among the students in the school days was significantly less than in the weekend. The time of watching TV and playing video games in the boys was significantly more than in the girls.Conclusions:1) The situation of overweight and obesity in the students is so serious that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is close to middle level of developed countries. Therefore, we must pay attention to child obesity and take effective intervention.2) Genetic factor, which is unchanged, have a great impact on childhood obesity. Meanwhile, family environment and lifestyle also have impacts on childhood obesity that is effectively controllable. Therefore, it’s needed to carry out interventions on family environmental factors for preventing childhood obesity, for example, developing various of obesity prevention education on parents.3) The level of obesity prevention education accepted by students is too low, so it is recommended that develop health education programs and carry out various forms of obesity prevention education. It is recommended that strengthen health education for all the students, including the normal, the overweight and obesity. It is also advised to provide losing weight programs for the overweight and obesity, in order to change their bad eating and exercise habits and promote them to cultivate a healthy lifestyle.4) It’s recommended that parents and schools should cultivate children’s interests of sports and develop detailed exercise program for them to make them form into the good habits of sports.5) It’s advised parents to supervise the students insisting on taking breakfast every day, slowing down the speed of eating and forming into the good habits of eating slowly. And parents should also control the snacks intake of students, especially in the leisure time, when they are watching TV or playing games.6) Both of the time and strength of physical activity are not enough. The sedentary lifestyle is common among the students. The students are short of sleeping time. It should be based on different types of physical activity, emphasized on increasing moderate and vigorous physical activity and combined with characteristics of different gender to carry out physical activity promotion interventions in the students. |
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