Application Of HACCP In Assessing The Efefct In Control Occupational Hazards In Coal-fired Power Plants

Background:The occupational diseases seriously endanger workers’ health and lifesafety. It is a powerful guarantee in preventing occupational diseases to carry out theassessment of OH with reasonable and effective methods, identify their harmful factors inworkplace, find out the critical point in control of occupational diseases, and provide a safeworkplace for workers.Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is used toensure the food industry in the production process of a kind of food safety managementsystem.It is composed of seven principles, the core principle is to determine the criticalcontrol point and carry on it.View of that the original intention of HACCP is to identify,evaluate, and control potential hazards in food production and our country’s purpose is fromthe source to prevent, control and eliminate occupational diseases, both have very similar.Soin recent years, HACCP has been gradually applied to the prevention and control ofoccupational diseases.Before the final acceptance of the construction project and the commissioning phase,usingreasonable and effective evaluation method to accomplish assessment the effect of controloccupational hazard is one of the important measures to prevent and control occupationaldiseases.Occupational hazards of coal-fired power plant is more complicated, not onlyendanger worker’s health, but also the evaluation unit in the control effect evaluation ofvarious risk factors present position identification is easy to miss. It stipulates in“Technicalguidelines for effect-assessment for occupational hazard in construction project”: Accordingto the characteristics of different construction projects, put forward occupation diseasehazard critical control points and the special protection requirements.But what is the criticalcontrol points, how to make a critical control point is not clear. Because HACCP is from rawmaterial properties to the terminal product of the entire process of hazard analysis and HACCP stipulate the concept and the proposed method of the critical control points, so it isof guiding significance to adopt HACCP in assessment of the effect in control ofoccupational diseases in coal-fired power plants in identifying comprehensively OH for theevaluated units, putting forward the critical control point for OH and carrying out the dailymanagement of occupational health.Objective: The study aims at applying the HACCP principles for the foodprocessing industry to the occupation-hazards-assessment and hazard analysis in order toput forward the critical point in control of occupation diseases and explore the applicabilityof the application of HACCP to the control effect assessment.Methods: In the study a newly-constructed coal-fired power plant (2×600MW) wastaken as a research object, in which HACCP principles were used to investigate and test theoccupational health sites for the production process and the operating environment in thecoal-fired power plant and a flow chart was draw to identify a variety of harmful factors ofoccupational diseases. Then, the assessment, based on the testing results, was made for theefficiency of the preventive equipments in control of occupational diseases, the critical controlpoints for OH and special protective requirements were presented and the procedure wasworked out for monitoring the critical control points. Finally the applicability and the notes,based on the above research, were discussed in HACCP application to the effect assessment incontrol of OH.Results: The main occupational hazards existed in the coal-fired power plant weredust(including coal dust, silica dust, limestone dust), toxic substances (including carbonmonoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid,sodium hydroxide, ammonia, hydrazine, hydrogen sulfide), physical agents(including noise,heat stress, power frequency electric field). The plant can combine with the actual situation ofproduction, take reasonable and effective protection measures, such as antivirus, sunstroke andfrequency electric field protection measures. the test results of toxic substances, heat stress,power frequency electric field generated in the production process were below“Occupationalexposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace Part1: Chemical hazardous agents”（GBZ2.1-2007）and“Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplacePart2: Physical agents”（GBZ2.2-2007）limits, percent of pass was100.0%. The plant hastaken dust and noise prevention measures to lower most of the worker’s dust concentration or noise intensity, which were below the occupational exposure limits. Qualified rate were92.9%and72.4%respectively. In order to reduce the dose of post workers exposed, such as dustand noise, individual protection were strengthened.Dust hazards occupational-disease-inductive critical control points as follows: try to usethe free silica content of less than10%of the coal-fired sources in raw materials, mainly takewet operation, installation precipitator, device airtight and automation in engineering protection,equip with dust mask in individual protection.Poison hazards occupational-disease-inductivecritical control point is engineering protection, control measures as follows: mainly takefurnace sealed, internal negative pressure, all kinds of chemicals delivery line closed,automatic dosing, mechanical ventilation. Noise hazard occupational-disease-inductive critical control points as follows: mainly take basic damping, noiseelimination, sound insulation in engineering protection,equip with anti-noise earplugs in individualprotection.Various occupational hazards Critical Control Point should develop and implementgood rules and regulations as follows: the occupational health monitoring system, personalprotective equipment release system, the emergency rescue system and protective facilitiesexamination system.The monitoring procedures of occupation hazard critical control pointsincluding critical limits, monitoring measures, corrective actions and related record.Conclusion: Applying HACCP principles to a coal-fired power plantoccupation-hazards-assessment has good applicability on identifying occupational hazardsin the round, evaluating the effect of protective measures,putting forward occupational hazards critical control point and the special requirements ofprotection. But in the evaluation of the overall layout and auxiliary room are insufficient.Inorder to evaluate the above content, checklist method should be introduced.Application ofHACCP need to pay attention to the following content: Using the principle of hazard analysisshould consider personnel contact, if staff are not contact and protection measures are proper,even with hazards, occupational-disease-inductive factors are not primary.HACCP is to control a significant hazard rather than trying to control all hazards.In orderto protect workers’ occupational health, perfect workers operating procedures, goodoccupational health surveillance system, personal protective equipment release system, emergency rescue system,and protective facilities examination system are equally important.This study extends the range of application of HACCP, puts forward the occupationhazard critical control point, concludes the problems of occupational hazards evaluation whichshould be paid attention to. Provide a scientific basis for the thermal power enterprises to carryout the management of occupational hazards focus.