Sulfonic Acid Type Ion Exchange Resin Prepared Through Sulfonating Polystyrene

The preparation of polystyrene sulfonic acid process by polystyrene sulfonation reaction, is a heterogeneous reaction that polystyrene particles suspend in low carbon alcohols such as dispersant. In this process choosing different sulfonating agents and sulfonation conditions, will lead to different by-products, and affect the efficiency of sulfonation and moisture content of product.At present, there are several major types of sulphonation reagents in sulfonated polystyrene reaction:H2SO4(98%), SO3, acyl sulfonic acid ester, chlorosulfonic acid and SO3/alkyl phosphate ester, etc.; However, no matter choosing which kind of sulfonating agent, palying a partis SO3H and SO3.In the industrial production, the traditional method for preparation of sulfonated polystyrene sulfonic acid is to use H2SO4(98%)(added phosphorus pentoxide) as sulfonating agent. But excessive waste acid and moisture content is mingled with the reaction product, which bring a great deal of hinder in further products processing. Instead of using traditional sulfonating agent, this experiment respectively use SO3, SO3/alkyl phosphate ester and acetyl sulfonic acid ester as sulfonating agent to conduct sulfonation reaction.When using SO3and SO3/alkyl phosphate ester as sulfonating reaction reagent, activation energy is lower, and sulfonated reacting is more easily, and using Alkyl phosphate ester as complexing agent of SO3will inherits the advantages of SO3reaction while control the activity of SO3. This experiment adopts the triethyl phosphate as SO3complex. Changing the mole ratio of SO3and triethyl phosphate mole can control the reaction, when the molar ratio of SO3and polystyrene is over3:1, sulfonation reaction is easily to carry on without crosslinking. And so the change of the mole ratio and reaction conditions, all affect the sulfonation reaction process, what is more affect the degree of sulfonated polystyrene.Acetyl sulfonic acid ester as sulfonating agent, is preparated by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid and acetic anhydride at low temperature, and reacted with polystyrene; Similarly, the change of mole ratio of Acetyl sulfonic acid ester and polystyrene, and the change of the reaction conditions all influence degree of sulfonated polystyrene. So this experiment improve the sulfonated degree by changing the reaction conditions, when setting reaction conditions within a certain range, the degree of sulfonation can be above90%. By using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), titration experiment, NMR, element content analysis (EDS), and particle surface morphology scan (SEM), etc., I gets various properties of ion exchange resin, such as the existence of the sulfonic group in benzene ring, the degree of sulfonation (DS), sulfur element content and the change of particles surface morphology before and after sulfonating reaction.Polystyrolsulfon acid can be used in the areas of proton exchange membrane of fuel cell, water treatment, oil recovery sacrifice agent, biological membrane, dope and surfactant, etc. The research and preparation of ion exchange resin is mainly used as catalyst in the organic reaction, this study applies the prepared ion exchange resin in esterification reaction, and combining with the Aspen distillation simulation experiment, this study improves the efficiency of the esterification reaction.